Browsing by Author "Şekir, Ufuk"
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Item Acute effects of dynamic stretching on peak and end-range functional hamstring/quadriceps strength ratios(Ortadoğu Yayınları, 2010-02) Şekir, Ufuk; Arabacı, Ramiz; Akova, Bedrettin; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi/Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmenliği Bölümü.; 0000-0003-2735-8697; 0000-0001-8403-5742; 0000-0003-1044-8805; AAI-4550-2021; AAM-4348-2020; ABI-4831-2020; 8086677600; 24448984800; 6507563417Objective: Although recent studies have shown that dynamic stretching may improve individual muscle strength performance, its effects on the functional hamstring/quadriceps (H/Q) strength ratio and thus on injury risk characteristics has not been investigated in depth. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of dynamic stretching on functional H/Q strength ratios for iso-kinetic knee extension and flexion at peak and end range moments in elite women athletes. Material and Methods: A total of twelve healthy elite competitive female athletes (mean age 20 +/- 2 years, mean height 166 6 cm, mean weight 58 +/- 7 kg) volunteered to participate in the study. All subjects completed a non-stretching (control) or a dynamic stretching intervention protocol in a randomized fashion on separate days. The quadriceps and hamstring muscles were stretched during these protocols. Before (pre) and after (post) the intervention, the functional H/Q strength ratio was calculated at 60 degrees.s-1 and 180 degrees.s-1 angular velocities. Results: The strength ratio for knee extension displayed a significant increase and for knee flexion a significant decrease following dynamic stretching during the entire and end range of motion at both angular velocities (p<0.05). Conclusion: The effects of dynamic stretching on functional H/Q strength ratios suggest that the functional H/Q ratio do change positively following a dynamic stretching routine.Item Acute effects of static and dynamic stretching on leg flexor and extensor isokinetic strength in elite women athletes(Wiley, 2010-04) Şekir, Ufuk; Arabacı, Ramiz; Akova, Bedrettin; Kadağan, S. Murat; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Eğitim Fakültesi/Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bölümü.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-2735-8697; 0000-0001-8403-5742; 0000-0003-1044-8805; AAI-4550-2021; AAM-4348-2020; ABI-4831-2020; R-5044-2018; 8086677600; 24448984800; 6507563417; 35995606000The aim of this study was to explore the effects of static and dynamic stretching of the leg flexors and extensors on concentric and eccentric peak torque (PT) and electromyography (EMG) amplitude of the leg extensors and flexors in women athletes. Ten elite women athletes completed the following intervention protocol in a randomized order on separate days: (a) non-stretching (control), (b) static stretching, and (c) dynamic stretching. Stretched muscles were the quadriceps and hamstring muscles. Before and after the stretching or control intervention, concentric and eccentric isokinetic PT and EMG activity of the leg extensors and flexors were measured at 60 and 180 degrees/s. Concentric and eccentric quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength at both test speeds displayed a significant decrease following static stretching (P < 0.01-0.001). In contrast, a significant increase was observed after dynamic stretching for these strength parameters (P < 0.05-0.001). Parallel to this, normalized EMG amplitude parameters exhibited significant decreases following static (P < 0.05-0.001) and significant increases following dynamic stretching (P < 0.05-0.001) during quadriceps and hamstring muscle actions at both concentric and eccentric testing modes. Our findings suggest that dynamic stretching, as opposed to static or no stretching, may be an effective technique for enhancing muscle performance during the pre-competition warm-up routine in elite women athletes.Publication Acute effects of static stretching on peak and end-range hamstring-to-quadriceps functional ratios(Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 2015-10-18) Şekir, Ufuk; Arabacı, Ramiz; Akova, Bedrettin; ŞEKİR, UFUK; ARABACI, RAMİZ; AKOVA, BEDRETTİN; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi/Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bölümü; 0000-0003-2735-8697; 0000-0003-1044-8805; R-5044-2018; ABI-4831-2020; AAI-4550-2021; AAM-4348-2020AIM: To evaluate if static stretching influences peak and end-range functional hamstring-to-quadriceps (H/Q) strength ratios in elite women athletes.METHODS: Eleven healthy female athletes in an elite competitive level participated to the study. All the participants fulfilled the static stretching or non-stretching (control) intervention protocol in a randomized design on different days. Two static unassisted stretching exercises, one in standing and one in sitting position, were used to stretch both the hamstring and quadriceps muscles during these protocols. The total time for the static stretching was 6 +/- 1 min. The isokinetic peak torque measurements for the hamstring and quadriceps muscles in eccentric and concentric modes and the calculations for the functional H/Q strength ratios at angular velocities of 60 degrees/s and 180 degrees/s were made before (pre) and after (post) the control or stretching intervention. The strength measurements and functional strength ratio calculations were based during the entire-and end-range of knee extension.RESULTS: The pre-test scores for quadriceps and hamstring peak torque and end range values were not significantly different between the groups (P > 0.05). Subsequently, although the control group did not exhibit significant changes in quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength (P > 0.05), static stretching decreased eccentric and concentric quadriceps muscle strength at both the 60 degrees/s and 180 degrees/s test speeds (P < 0.01). Similarly, static stretching also decreased eccentric and concentric hamstring muscle strength at both the 60 degrees/s and 180 degrees/s test speeds (P < 0.01). On the other hand, when the functional H/Q strength ratios were taken into consideration, the pre-intervention values were not significant different between the groups both during the entire and end range of knee extension (P > 0.05). Furthermore, the functional H/Q strength ratios exhibited no significant alterations during the entire and end ranges of knee extension both in the static stretching or the control intervention (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: According to our results, static stretching routine does not influence functional H/Q ratio. Athletes can confidently perform static stretching during their warm-up routines.Item Antagonist kaslara uygulanan statik ve dinamik germe egzersizlerinin agonist kaslardaki kuvvet ve elektromiyografik aktivite üzerine etkileri(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2016) Şerefoğlu, Abdullah; Şekir, Ufuk; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.Bu çalışmada antagonist kaslara yapılan statik ve dinamik germe sonrası agonist kaslardaki izokinetik kuvvet ve elektromiyografik aktivite değişimi hakkında germe çeşitlerinin birbirlerine üstünlüğü olup olmadığını araştırmayı amaçladık. Çalışmaya, 18-30 yaş arası üst düzeyde spor yapan sağlıklı 20 erkek sporcu dahil edildi. 2-3 gün arayla birbirini takip eden 5 günde çalışma yapıldı. Bir gün sadece kuadriseps kasına statik veya dinamik germe, takip eden diğer gün de sadece hamstring kasına statik veya dinamik germe yaptırıldı. Başka bir gün ise herhangi bir germe egzersizi yaptırılmadı ve o günün ölçümleri kontrol grubu olarak ele alındı. Germe veya kontrol uygulaması öncesi ve hemen sonrası (0. dk), 10., 20. ve 30. dakikalarda kuadriseps ve hamstring kaslarının 60°/sn ve 240°/sn açısal hızlarda konsentrik ve eksentrik izokinetik zirve tork değeri ve eşzamanlı elektromiyografik (EMG) aktiviteleri ölçüldü. Çalışma sonucunda, gruplar içinde 20. ve 30. dakikalarda izokinetik kuvvet ve elektromiyografik aktivite azalmaları saptandı (p<0.05-0.001). Fakat dinamik ve statik germe grupları arasında istatistiksel anlamlı bir sonuç saptanmadı (p>0.05). Biz çalışmamızda, antagonist kasa yapılan statik veya dinamik germe sonrasında, agonist kaslardaki kuvvet ve elektromiyografik aktivite üzerine istatistiksel anlamlı bir sonuca ulaşamadık. Literatürde bu konu hakkında henüz yeterince çalışma yapılmadığı ve gelecekte yapılacak çalışmalarla aydınlatılması gerektiği düşüncesindeyiz.Item Ayakbileği evertör ve dorsifleksör kas gruplarına uygulanan konsentrik ve eksenterik kombine izokinetik egzersizin sensorimotor kontrol üzerine etkisi(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2011) Keleş, S. Banu; Şekir, Ufuk; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.Bu çalışmada sağlıklı bireylerin dominant ayak bileklerinin evertör ve dorsifleksör kas gruplarına uygulanan konsentrik ve eksentrik kombine izokinetik egzersizin sensorimotor kontrol üzerine etkisini araştırmayı amaçladık.Çalışmaya 18- 30 yaş arasında sağlıklı ve rekreasyonel düzeyde spor yapan 24 erkek denek katılmıştır. Denekler randomize olarak egzersiz (n= 12) ve kontrol ( n=12) gruplarına ayrılmıştır. Deneklere ön testler olarak inversiyon yönünde 10° ve 20°, plantarfleksiyon yönünde ise 15° ve 30° açılarda aktif ve pasif eklem pozisyon hissi testleri, kinestezi testi, 60, 180 ve 300°/s açısal hızda invertör, evertör, plantarfleksör ve dorsifleksör kas gruplarına eksentrik ve konsentrik izokinetik kuvvet testleri ve 15° ve 30° ani inversiyon simülasyon platformunda nötral ve plantarfleksiyon pozisyonlarında kas reaksiyon zamanı ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Egzersiz grubunun dominant ayak bileği dorsifleksör ve evertör kas gruplarına izokinetik dinamometre kullanılarak 6 hafta süre ile kombine konsentrik-eksentrik egzersiz uygulanmıştır. Bu süre sonrasında ilk testler tekrarlanmıştır.Egzersiz sonrasında, egzersiz grubunun egzersiz yaptırılan dominant ayak bileğinde 1) dorsifleksör ve evertör kaslarda anlamlı eksentrik kas kuvveti artışı saptanmıştır (p<0.01-0.05) 2) peroneus longus ve tibialis anterior kas reaksiyon zamanları, nötral ve plantarfleksör pozisyonlarda 15° ve 30°de anlamlı olarak kısalmıştır (p<0.01-0.05) 3) inversiyon yönünde 10° ve 20° pasif eklem pozisyon hissi ve kinestezi değerlerinde anlamlı düzelme gözlemlenmiştir (p<0.01-0.05) 4) plantarfleksiyon yönünde 30° aktif ve pasif ile 15° aktif eklem pozisyon hissi ve kinestezi değerlerinde anlamlı düzelme (p<0.01-0.05) olmuştur. Biz çalışmamızda, sağlıklı ayak bileğine uygulanan izokinetik eksentrik-konsentrik kasılma içerikli bir egzersiz programı ile ayak bileğinde motor kuvvet, kas reaksiyon zamanları ve propriosepsiyonda önemli gelişmeler kaydedildiğini gösterdik.Bu bulgular ışığında, yaralanmalara predispozisyon oluşturduğu savunulan kuvvet ve propriosepsiyon defisitlerinin azaltılarak, yaralanma insidansının ve tedavi giderlerinin azalacağı düşüncesindeyiz.Item Bilateral diz osteoartrozlu yaşlılarda 6 haftalık propriosepsiyon egzersiz programının fonksiyonel kapasite, ağırı ve sensorimotor aktivasyon üzerine etkisi(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2002) Şekir, Ufuk; Gür, Hakan; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon Anabilim Dalı/Spor Hekimliği Bilim Dalı.Diz osteoartrozlu yaşlılarda propriosepsiyon egzersiz programının fonksiyonel kapasite, ağrı, diz propriosepsiyonu, postural kontrol ve kas kuvveti üzerine olan etkisini araştırmayı planladığımız bu çalışmaya grade 2-3 bilateral diz osteartrozlu 16'sı kadın 6'sı erkek olan toplam 22 hasta gönüllü olarak katıldı. Hastalar rasgele yöntemle egzersiz (n=12; 9 kadın, 3 erkek) ve kontrol grubu (n=10; 7 kadın, 3 erkek) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Egzersiz grubuna dahil olan hastalara propriosepsiyon egzersizleri 6 hafta süre ile haftada 2 gün laboratuar ortamında uygulandı. Her iki gruba dahil olan hastaların fonksiyonel kapasiteleri (yürüme, sandalyeye oturup kalkma, merdiven inme ve çıkma), ağrı düzeyleri (fonksiyonel testler sırasında ve günlük yaşam aktivitelerinde), diz propriosepsiyonları (kinestezi ve eklem pozisyon hissi), postürel kontrol durumları (denge testleri) ve diz kas kuvvetleri (izometrik ve konsentrik pik tork) başlangıçta ve 6 hafta sonra değerlendirildi. Egzersiz grubunda 6 haftayı takiben gece, inaktivite sonrası, oturma, sandalyeden kalkma, merdiven inme ve merdiven çıkma ağrısında sırası ile % 64 (p<0.01), % 59 (p<0.05), % 59 (p<0.05), % 56 (p<0.05), % 60 (p<0.01) ve % 56'lık (p<0.01) azalmalar, sandalyeye oturup kalkma, merdiven inme ve merdiven çıkma sürelerinde ise sırası ile % 12 (p<0.05), % 21 (p<0.01) ve % 15'lik (p<0.05) düzelmeler tespit edildi. Hastaların 20°' deki (0°=diz tam ekstansiyon) pozisyon hatasında aktif ve pasif durum için sırası ile % 28 (p<0.01) ve % 34 (p<0.05), 45° pasif ve 70° 'deki aktif durumda da ise sırası ile % 38 (p<0.05) ve % 36'lık (p<0.05) gelişme oldu. Yük binmiş durumda 15° ve 30°' de pozisyon bulma hatasında sırası ile % 50 (p<0.05) ve % 51'lik (p<0.01) toparlanmalar oldu. Postürel kontrolde gözler kapalı iken tek bacak ve tandem pozisyonunda % 208 (p<0.01) ve % 164 (p<0.001) oranında düzelmeler gözlemlendi. Diz ekstansör kaslarının izometrik kuvvetinde % 48'lik (p<0.05) artış olurken konsentrik kas kuvvetlerinde istatistiksel anlamlı değişim saptanmadı. Elde ettiğimiz bulgular ışığında çalışmamıza katılan bilateral diz osteoartrozlu hastalarda uyguladığımız egzersiz programının hastaların fonksiyonel kapasitelerini, postural kontrol ve propriosepsiyon özelliklerini geliştirme ve ağrı şikayetlerini azaltmada etkili bir program olduğu sonucuna varıldı.Item Chronic groin pain in an amateur soccer player(BMJ Publishing Group, 2004-04-01) Çetin, Cem; Yıldız, Yavuz; Aydın, Taner; Örs, Fatih; Kalyon, Tunç Alp; Şekir, Ufuk; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-2735-8697; R-5044-2018; AAM-4348-2020; 8086677600Chronic groin pain is common in soccer players because of the biomechanics of kicking causing recurrent stress to the abdominal muscles, groin flexors, and adductor muscles. Myositis ossificans in adductor muscles is a rare cause of chronic groin pain in soccer players. Only two cases have been reported and the iliopsoas muscle was involved in both. This case report emphasises the importance of direct radiography for diagnosis in chronic groin pain and is a reminder that the development of myositis ossificans in the adductor muscles may be a cause.Item Difference in the magnitude of muscle damage between elbow flexors and knee extensors eccentric exercises(Journal Sports Science & Medicine, 2009-03) Saka, Tolga; Akova, Bedrettin; Yazıcı, Zeynep; Şekir, Ufuk; Gür, Hakan; İlçöl, Yeşim Özarda; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/ Tıp Fakültesi/Radyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Biyokimya Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-2735-8697; 0000-0003-2735-8697; 0000-0003-1044-8805; AAI-4550-2021; AAM-4348-2020; AAI-2303-2021; I-9594-2017; R-5044-2018; AAL-8873-2021; 6507563417; 6701668723; 8086677600; 7006025993; 35741320500The aim of this study was to investigate the difference in the magnitude of muscle damage between maximal eccentric exercises of the elbow flexors (EF) and knee extensors (KE). Twelve sedentary male volunteers participated in the study. Range of motion (ROM), isometric peak torque (IPT), delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS), creatine kinase activity (CK), and myoglobin concentration (Mb) were evaluated before, immediately after, and on the 1(st), 2(nd), 3(rd), and 7(th) days following exercise. Total work (TW) during exercises was recorded and corrected by muscle volume (TWc). TWc was greater (p < 0.01) for EF [24 (2) joule.cm(-3)] than for KE [7 (0.4) joule.cm(-3)]. Increases in CK on the 2(nd), 3(rd), and 7(th) days (p < 0.01) and increases in Mb on the 1(st), 2(nd), 3(rd), and 7(th) days were significantly (p<0.01) larger for EF than for KE. The decline in IPT was greater (p < 0.05- 0.01) for EF at all test occasions compared with KE. The results of this study demonstrate that the magnitude of muscle damage is greater and the recovery is slower following maximal eccentric exercise of the EF than of the KE for sedentary males.Item Early versus late start of isokinetic hamstring-strengthening exercise after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with patellar tendon graft(Sage Publications, 2010-03) Şekir, Ufuk; Gür, Hakan; Akova, Bedrettin; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-2735-8697; 0000-0003-2735-8697; 0000-0003-1044-8805; AAM-4348-2020; I-9594-2017; AAI-4550-2021; 8086677600; 7006025993; 6507563417Backgound: Hamstring strengthening after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is a vital component of the rehabilitation program. Purpose: The objective of this trial was to investigate the effects of hamstring isokinetic training used in the early phase of the rehabilitation program on the stability, strength, symptoms, and functional outcomes of patients throughout 12 months after anterior cruciate ligament surgery. Study Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Forty-eight men underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with an ipsilateral bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft. The patients were randomly assigned to perform daily isokinetic hamstring exercises at postoperative 3 weeks (group 1) or to perform daily isokinetic hamstring exercises at postoperative 9 weeks (group 11). The patients were evaluated monthly for the first 4 months and at the 12th month for postoperative hamstring and quadriceps strength, as well as for knee function via the Cincinnati Knee Rating Scale and International Knee Documentation Committee form. Results: Hamstring isometric strength at 30 degrees of knee flexion (at the first and second months) and concentric isokinetic strength (at 2, 3, 4, and 12 months) at the angular velocity of 60 deg/s were significantly (P < .05-.01) greater in group I compared with group II. Average scores of the Cincinnati Knee Rating Scale for symptoms were significantly (P < .05-.001) higher in group I compared with group II at all evaluation periods. Walking and stair-climbing scores at 1, 2, 3, and 4 months and squatting score at all evaluation periods were also better (P < .05-.01) in group I compared with group II. In addition, group I exhibited better (P < .01-.001) Lachman test results compared with group II for all postoperative evaluation periods. The International Knee Documentation Committee final rating scores were significantly (P < .01) greater at 2, 3, and 4 months in group I compared with group II. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that hamstring as well as quadriceps strength can be increased via early hamstring strengthening after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with no negative impact on knee function.Item Eccentric training improves ankle evertor and dorsiflexor strength and proprioception in functionally unstable ankles(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016-06) Hancı, Erdal; Şekir, Ufuk; Gür, Hakan; Akova, Bedrettin; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-2735-8697; 0000-0003-1044-8805; R-5044-2018; AAM-4348-2020; AAI-4550-2021; I-9594-2017; 8086677600; 7006025993; 6507563417Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a combined eccentric-concentric exercise program of the ankle evertors and dorsiflexors on proprioception in functionally unstable ankles. Design: Thirteen male recreational athletes with unilateral functional ankle instability were admitted to this study. The unaffected opposite ankles were used as controls. The functionnaly unstable ankle of the subjects performed an isokinetic exercise program of the ankle evertors and dorsiflexors in a combined eccentric-concentric mode for 3 days per week for 6 wks. Before and after the isokinetic exercise program, active and passive joint position sense and kinesthesia and isokinetic strength of the ankle joint were evaluated. Results: Active and passive joint position sense error scores for inversion (P < 0.01-0.001) and plantarflexion (P < 0.05-0.001) direction and kinesthesia scores for inversion (P < 0.001) and plantarlexion (P < 0.01) direction showed significant reductions after 6 wks of intervention in the functionnaly unstable ankle. In addition, eccentric peak torques for the ankle evertor and dorsiflexors represented significant (P < 0.001) increases in the functionnaly unstable ankle compared with the control ankle. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that it is possible to improve proprioceptive acuity of the ankle joint after a 6-wk eccentric-concentric isokinetic training program in functionally unstable ankles.Item Eccentric/concentric training of ankle evertor and dorsiflexors in recreational athletes: Muscle latency and strength(Wiley, 2014-02) Keleş, S. B.; Şekir, Ufuk; Gür, Hakan; Akova, Bedrettin; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-1044-8805; 0000-0003-2735-8697; I-9594-2017; AAI-4550-2021; AAM-4348-2020; 8086677600; 7006025993; 6507563417The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a combined eccentric-concentric exercise program of the ankle evertors and dorsiflexors on the latency time of the peroneus longus and tibialis anterior muscles. Twenty-four healthy male recreational athletes were admitted to this study and were randomly assigned to either the exercise group (n=12) or the control group (n=12). Subjects in the exercise group performed an isokinetic exercise program of the ankle evertors and dorsiflexors in a combined eccentric-concentric mode for 3 days per week for 6 weeks. Before and after the exercise program, muscle reaction times of the peroneus longus and tibialis anterior muscles to sudden supinating maneuvers on a tilting platform, and isokinetic strength of the ankle joint musculature were evaluated. The peroneus longus and tibialis anterior reaction times showed significant (P<0.01-0.05) reductions following six weeks of intervention in the exercise group. Additionally, eccentric peak torques for the ankle evertor and dorsiflexors represented significant (P<0.05) increases in the exercise group compared with the control group. The results of this study suggest that it is possible to reduce peroneal and anterior tibial reaction times following a six week eccentric/concentric isokinetic training program in healthy ankles.Publication Effect of different garments on thermophysiological and psychological comfort properties of athletes in a wear trial test(Nature Portfolio, 2023-09-09) Özkan, Esra Tastan; KAPLANGİRAY, BİNNAZ; Kaplangiray, Binnaz; Şekir, Ufuk; ŞEKİR, UFUK; Şahin, Şenay; ŞAHİN, ŞENAY; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Tekstil Mühendisliği Bölümü.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-1296-9092; AAD-9210-2019; AEE-5817-2022; JHT-0825-2023This paper reports on an experimental investigation of thermophysiological and psychological responses during and after an incremental low- to high-intensity exercise at 27 degrees C and 45% humidity. Five t-shirt garments were produced from different yarn types, their weights and yarn counts were close to each other. During the wear trials, heat and humidity sensors were placed at four body locations (the chest, back, abdomen, and waist). In addition, dynamic comfort measurements of the upper body were examined using a datalogger and subjective rating scales. This study aimed to investigate the effects of garment type on aerobic performance, microclimate temperature and humidity values, and psychological comfort. It was observed that the relative humidity and temperature of the microclimate were low in fabrics with high air permeability and low thermal resistance values of the Tencel single jersey and polyester mesh knitted fabrics. There was a significant difference in microclimate temperature results of TS coded Tencel single jersey t-shirt sample and other t-shirt samples according to statistical analysis results. On the other hand, the statistical results of the PM coded fabric sample measured at lower humidity in the three body regions were found to be a significantly different from those of the other samples (except TS). Although not statistically significant, the VO2 values and heart rates of these fabrics were lower than those of other fabrics. It was concluded that garments made from Tencel single jersey (TS) and polyester mesh (PM) fabrics affected the performance of athletes positively. Athletes were less forced during the training, and the activity could be maintained more than the others when wearing these clothes.Item Effect of upper-extremity strengthening exercises on the lumbar strength, disability and pain of patients with chronic low back pain: A randomized controlled study(Journal Sports Science & Medicine, 2017-12) Atalay, Erdem; Akova, Bedrettin; Gür, Hakan; Şekir, Ufuk; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-1044-8805; 0000-0003-2735-8697; AAI-4550-2021; AAM-4348-2020; R-5044-2018; 6507563417; 7006025993; 8086677600The present study aimed to analyze the impacts of a low back rehabilitation program accompanied with neck, shoulder and upper back exercises on pain, disability, and physical characteristics of patients with chronic low back pain. Twenty sedentary male patients with chronic low back pain participated in the study on a voluntary basis. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups: a conventional low back exercise group (CE) and a supported exercise group (SE; CE plus upper back, neck, and shoulder exercises). The Modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (MODQ) was used to evaluate the disability status and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to identify the pain states of the patients. In addition, neck, lumbar and shoulder isokinetic and isometric strengths of the patients were evaluated. The CE group performed lumbar stretching, mobilization and stabilization exercises in addition to low-back and abdominal isometric and concentric strengthening exercises. The SE group performed static stretching and isotonic exercises for the neck, upper-back, and shoulder muscles, in addition to the exercises performed in CE group. The exercises were implemented 3 days a week for 6 weeks in both groups. Following the 6-week exercise periods in both groups, statistically significant (p < 0.01) improvements were observed in the patients' levels of pain and the scores of MODQ reflecting an easing of disability. With respect to the levels of pain and disability, the improvements observed in the SE group was significantly (p < 0.01) greater than the improvement observed in the CE group. Based on the findings of this study, we can conclude that a low back exercise program used in combination with neck, shoulder and upper back exercises reduces the level of pain and disability in patients with chronic low back pain more prominently than conventional low back exercises.Publication Effects of muscle architecture on eccentric exercise induced muscle damage responses(Uludağ Üiversitesi, Spor Tıp Bölümü, 2021-12-01) Senisik, Seher Cagdas; Akova, Bedrettin; Şekir, Ufuk; Gür, Hakan; AKOVA, BEDRETTİN; ŞEKİR, UFUK; GÜR, HAKAN; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı; 0000-0003-1044-8805; 0000-0003-2735-8697; AAI-4550-2021; AAM-4348-2020; JQZ-4279-2023There is a need to investigate the role of muscle architecture on muscle damage responses induced by exercise. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of muscle architecture and muscle length on eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage responses. Eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage was performed randomly to the elbow flexor (EF), knee extensor (KE), and knee flexor (KF) muscle groups with two week intervals in 12 sedentary male subjects. Before and after each eccentric exercise (immediately after, on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 7th days) range of motion, delayed onset muscle soreness, creatine kinase activity, myoglobin concentration and isometric peak torque in short and long muscle positions were evaluated. Furthermore, muscle volume and pennation angle of each muscle group was evaluated before initiating the eccentric exercise protocol. Pennation angle and muscle volume was significantly higher and the workload per unit muscle volume was significantly lower in the KE muscles compared with the KF and EF muscles (p < 0.01). EF muscles showed significantly higher pain levels at post-exercise days 1 and 3 compared with the KE (p < 0.01 -0.001) and KF (p < 0.01) muscles. The deficits in range of motion were higher in the EF muscles compared to the KE and KF muscles immediately after (day 0, p < 0.01), day 1 (p < 0.05 -0.01), and day 3 (p < 0.05) evaluations. The EF muscles represented significantly greater increases in CK and Mb levels at day 1, 3, and 7 than the KE muscles (p < 0.05 -0.01). The CK and Mb levels were also significantly higher in the KF muscles compared with the KE muscles (p < 0.05, p < 0.01 respectively). The KF and EF muscles represented higher isometric peak torque deficits in all the post -exercise evaluations at muscle short position (p < 0.05 -0.001) compared with the KE muscle after eccentric exercise. Isometric peak torque deficits in muscle lengthened position was significantly higher in EF in all the post-exercise evaluations compared with the KE muscle (p < 0.05 -0.01). According to the results of this study it can be concluded that muscle structural differences may be one of the responsible factors for the different muscle damage responses following eccentric exercise in various muscle groups.Item Fonksiyonel ayak bileği instabilitesi olan bireylerde ayak bileği evertör ve dorsifleksör kas gruplarına uygulanan eksentrik içerikli thera-band egzersizin kas reaksiyon özellikleri üzerine etkisi(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2017) Arslan, Güfat; Şekir, Ufuk; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.Bu çalışmada fonksiyonel ayak bileği instabilitesi (FAİ) olan bireylerin evertör ve dorsifleksör kas gruplarına uygulanan eksentrik içerikli thera-band egzersizin kuvvet ve elektromiyografik (EMG) aktiviteleri üzerine etkisini araştırmayı amaçladık. Çalışmaya 18-30 yaş arasında tek taraflı FAİ (n=12) olan ve sağlıklı (n=12) 24 kadın rekreasyonel sporcu katıldı. FAİ olan bireylerin etkilenen tarafları egzersiz grubuna; sağlam tarafları ve sağlıklı bireylerin dominant tarafları kontrol gruplarına dahil edildi. Egzersiz grubunu oluşturan bireylerin ayak bileklerinin evertör ve dorsifleksör kaslarına 6 hafta süre ile her gün eksentrik içerikli thera-band egzersiz programı uygulandı. Egzersiz programı öncesi ve sonrasında, inversiyon simülasyon platformu aracılığıyla ayak bileği inversiyona düşme ile oluşan peroneus longus ve tibialis anterior kaslarının EMG aktiviteleri ölçümü ve ayak bileği kas gruplarının izokinetik kuvvet testleri yapıldı. Egzersiz sonrasında, egzersiz grubunda dorsifleksör ve evertör kaslarda izokinetik eksentrik kas kuvvetinde anlamlı artış (p<0.01-0.001) ve etkilenen ayak bileklerinin peroneus longus ve tibialis anterior kas reaksiyon zamanlarında anlamlı bir kısalma gösterildi (p<0.01-0.001). Buna karşılık etkilenen ayak bileklerinin peroneus longus ve tibialis anterior kas reaksiyon sürelerinde ve kasların reaksiyon süresi boyunca göstermiş oldukları ortalama aktivitelerinde anlamlı bir değişiklik gösterilemedi (p>0.05). Biz çalışmamızda, FAİ olan ayak bileklerine eksentrik kasılma içerikli bir egzersiz programı ile ayak bileğinde motor kuvvet ve kas reaksiyon zamanlarında önemli gelişmeler kaydedildiğini gösterdik. Bu bulgular ışığında, yaralanmalara predispozisyon oluşturduğu savunulan kuvvet ve reaksiyon zamanında gecikmelerin geliştirilerek, yaralanma insidansının ve tedavi giderlerinin azalacağı düşüncesindeyiz.Item Fonksiyonel ayak bileği instabilitesi olan bireylerde ayak bileği evertör ve dorsifleksör kas gruplarına uygulanan eksentrik ve konsentrik kombine izokinetik egzersizin kuvvet ve propriosepsiyon üzerine etkisi(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2014) Hancı, Erdal; Şekir, Ufuk; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.Bu çalışmada fonksiyonel ayak bileği instabilitesi (FAİ) olan bireylerin evertör ve dorsifleksör kas gruplarına uygulanan konsentrik ve eksentrik kombine izokinetik egzersizin kuvvet ve propriosepsiyon üzerine etkisini araştırmayı amaçladık. Çalışmaya 18-40 yaş arasında tek taraflı FAİ olan 9 erkek rekreasyonel sporcu katıldı. FAİ olan ayak bilekleri egzersiz, sağlam taraf ise kontrol grubuna dahil edildi. Deneklere ön testler olarak inversiyon yönünde 10° ve 20°, plantarfleksiyon yönünde ise 15° ve 30° açılarda aktif ve pasif eklem pozisyon hissi testleri, kinestezi testi, 60°/sn, 180°/sn ve 300°/sn açısal hızda invertör, evertör, plantarfleksör ve dorsifleksör kas gruplarına eksentrik ve konsentrik izokinetik kuvvet testleri yapıldı. Egzersiz grubunun dorsifleksör ve evertör kas gruplarına izokinetik dinamometre kullanılarak 6 hafta süre ile kombine konsentrik/eksentrik egzersiz uygulandı. Bu süre sonrasında ilk testler tekrarlandı. Egzersiz sonrasında, egzersiz grubunda 1) dorsifleksör ve evertör kaslarda anlamlı eksentrik kas kuvveti artışı saptandı (p<0.01-0.001) 2) inversiyon yönünde 10° ve 20° aktif ve pasif eklem pozisyon hissi ve kinestezi değerlerinde anlamlı düzelme gözlemlendi (p<0.01-0.05) 3) plantarfleksiyon yönünde 30° aktif ve pasif, 15° pasif eklem pozisyon hissi ve kinestezi değerlerinde anlamlı düzelme (p<0.01-0.05) bulundu. Biz çalışmamızda, FAİ olan ayak bileklerine izokinetik eksentrik-konsentrik kasılma içerikli bir egzersiz programı ile ayak bileğinde motor kuvvet ve propriosepsiyonda önemli gelişmeler kaydedildiğini gösterdik. Bu bulgular ışığında, yaralanmalara predispozisyon oluşturduğu savunulan kuvvet ve propriosepsiyon kayıplarının azaltılarak, yaralanma insidansının ve tedavi giderlerinin azalacağı düşüncesindeyiz.Publication Investigation of the thermal comfort of the sportswear by standing thermal manikin and thermal imaging techniques(Sage Publications Ltd, 2023-06-01) Özkan, Esra Taştan; Kaplangiray, Binnaz; Şekir, Ufuk; Şahin, Şenay; KAPLANGİRAY, BİNNAZ; ŞEKİR, UFUK; ŞAHİN, ŞENAY; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mühendislik Fakültesi/Tekstil Mühendisliği Bölümü.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi/Antrenörlük Eğitimi Bölümü.; 0000-0002-1296-9092 ; 0000-0003-2735-8697 ; AAM-4348-2020; FDE-4794-2022; AAD-9210-2019Garments should not overload the body during activity and should be chosen in accordance with the ambient conditions. Especially in active sports, sportswear should make a person feel comfortable and increase performance by easily removing excess heat and moisture from the body without interrupting physical activity. In this study, five T-shirts with the same size and weight characteristics, but in different yarn types were produced and analysed. The thermal and water vapour resistance properties of these garments were measured using a thermal manikin system. In addition, thermal camera images were taken at 10-minute intervals during the 50-minute wear trial programme, and skin temperatures were measured from the upper front body and the upper back body with two sensors. The results showed that POS and PM-coded garments made of polyester with low clothing insulation (clo) values were statistically different from CS and CPS coded cotton-containing garments in terms of front and back surface thermal camera images. It was observed that cotton-containing garments were more uncomfortable than polyester and Tencel owing to their higher thermal resistance, garment surface temperature, and skin temperature values. The Tencel garment was measured similarly to the CS and CPS coded garments at the beginning of the activity and measured similarly to the POS and PM coded garments at the end of the activity on both surfaces.Item Kalkaneal spurda radial şok dalga tedavisinin uygulanma sıklığının tedaviye etkileri(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2023) Çakı, Emre; Şekir, Ufuk; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.Bu çalışmada kalkaneal spurda şok dalga tedavisinin uygulanma sıklığının etkinliğini ve güvenilirliğini değerlendirmek ve tedavi süresini kısaltmak amaçlanmıştır. Yaşları 40-75 arasında olan, en az 6 aydır topuk plantar yüzde ağrı yaşayan, kalkaneal röntgenle spur tanısı konmuş 68 gönüllü, hızlandırılmış ESWT (n=34) ve klasik ESWT (n=34) gruplarına randomize edilmiştir. Tüm gönüllülere ayrıca plantar fasyaya yönelik egzersiz programı verilmiştir. Klasik ESWT grubundaki gönüllülere haftada bir, maksimum tolere edilebilen dozda, 3 seans, 8 Hz, 2000'er atım tedavi uygulanmış; hızlandırılmış ESWT grubundakilere ise doz, seans sayısı, frekans ve atım sayısı değiştirilmeden iki günde bir tedavi uygulanmıştır. Gönüllülerin tedavi öncesi ve sonrası fiziksel durum değişiklikleri vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ) ile, ağrı durumu görsel analog skala (VAS) ile, fonksiyonel durumu Roles-Maudsley (RM) skoru ve Ayak Fonksiyon İndeksi (AFİ) ile, kalkaneal spur uzunluk değişimleri lateral kalkaneal röntgenogram ile veplantar fasya kalınlığı değişimleri ultrason ile değerlendirilmiştir. Her iki grupta tedavi sonrası VAS skorlarında, RM skorlarında ve AFİ skorlarında tedavi öncesine göre istatistiksel anlamlı iyileşmeler saptanmış olup; tedavi sonuçlarının gruplar arası kıyaslamasında istatistiksel anlamlı fark saptanmamıştır. Tedavi öncesi ile tedavi sonrası kalkaneal spur uzunlukları grup içinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı oranda azalmasına rağmen, plantar fasya kalınlıklarında grup içi ve gruplar arası istatistiksel anlamlı farklılık saptanmamıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda, kalkaneal spur tedavisinde ESWT'nin ağrıyı azaltmada ve fonksiyonel kapasiteyi arttırmada etkili olduğu gözlemlenmiş olup; seans sıklığını arttırmanın tedavi sonucuna etki etmediği gösterilmiştir. Bununla birlikte seans sıklığını arttırmanın herhangi bir yan etki göstermemesi; güvenilir ve etkili bir tedavi yöntemi olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca hızlandırılmış protokolde hastanın ve hekimin zaman yönetimi açısından olumlu etkiler gözlemlenmiştir.Item A multi-station proprioceptive exercise program in patients with bilateral knee osteoarthrosis: Functional capacity, pain and sensoriomotor function. A randomized controlled trial(Journal Sports Science & Medicine, 2005-12) Şekir, Ufuk; Gür, Hakan; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-2735-8697; AAM-4348-2020; R-5044-2018; 8086677600; 7006025993We investigated the effects of a multi-station proprioceptive exercise program on functional capacity, perceived knee pain, and sensoriomotor function. Twenty-two patients ( aged 41-75 years) with grade 2-3 bilateral knee osteoarthrosis were randomly assigned to two groups: treatment (TR; n = 12) and non-treatment (NONTR; n = 10). TR performed 11 different balance/coordination and proprioception exercises, twice a week for 6 weeks. Functional capacity and perceived knee pain during rest and physical activity was measured. Also knee position sense, kinaesthesia, postural control, isometric and isokinetic knee strength ( at 60, 120 and 180 degrees center dot s(-1)) measures were taken at baseline and after 6 weeks of training. There was no significant difference in any of the tested variables between TR and NONTR before the intervention period. In TR perceived knee pain during daily activities and functional tests was lessened following the exercise program ( p < 0.05). Perceived knee pain was also lower in TR vs. NONTR after training ( p < 0.05). The time for rising from a chair, stair climbing and descending improved in TR ( p < 0.05) and these values were faster compared with NONTR after training ( p < 0.05). Joint position sense ( degrees) for active and passive tests and for weight bearing tests improved in TR ( p < 0.05) and the values were lower compared with NONTR after training ( p < 0.05). Postural control ('eyes closed') also improved for single leg and tandem tests in TR ( p< 0.01) and these values were higher compared with NONTR after training. The isometric quadriceps strength of TR improved ( p < 0.05) but the values were not significantly different compared with NONTR after training. There was no change in isokinetic strength for TR and NONTR after the training period. The results suggest that using a multi-station proprioceptive exercise program it is possible to improve postural control, functional capacity and decrease perceived knee pain in patients with bilateral knee osteoarthrosis.Publication Muscle latency and proprioception in non-dominant and dominant legs of healthy sedentary individuals(Bayçınar Tıbbi Yayıncılık, 2015-03-01) Şekir, Ufuk; Keleş, Banu Seher; Gür, Hakan; ŞEKİR, UFUK; GÜR, HAKAN; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Spor Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0003-2735-8697; AAM-4348-2020; I-9594-2017; R-5044-2018Objective: The effects of lower extremity dominance on response latency and proprioceptive ability have been reported for physically active individuals, but not for sedentary individuals. The aim of this research was to explore the differences in muscle latency and proprioceptive ability between the non-dominant and dominant legs of healthy sedentary individuals. Material andMethods: Nineteen healthy male subjects without a history of any physical training practice for a minimum of 12 months were enrolled in this study. An ankle inversion tilting platform was used to measure the reaction times of the tibialis anterior and peroneus longus muscles. Joint position sense measured actively and passively and kinesthesia were used to evaluate proprioception of the ankle joint.Results: Neither the latency times of the tibialis anterior and peroneus longus muscles nor the proprioceptive ability score measurements exhibited significant differences between the non-dominant and dominant legs (p>0.05).Conclusion: The results of this investigation indicates that there is no side differences between the limbs with the evaluation of the peroneus longus or tibialis anterior muscle reaction times, ankle joint position sense, and ankle kinesthesia for healthy sedentary individuals.