2009 Cilt 2 Sayı 2

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11452/3786

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Browsing by Subject "Gender"

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    Explaining fear of crime as fear of rape among college females: An examination of multiple campuses in the United States
    (Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2009) Dobbs, Rhonda R.; Waid, Courtney A.; Shelley, Tara O’Connor
    Given the fact that women are less likely to experience crime victimization than males, researchers have been puzzled for decades as to why women experience higher levels of fear of victimization. Scholars such as Warr (1984) and Ferraro (1995, 1996) argue that the fear of rape that females experience shadows fear of other crime, as rape is viewed by females as a cotemporaneous offense that may lead to other offenses. The present study examines the impact of fear of rape on the overall fear of crime for men and women on college campuses. While women are significantly more fearful of crime prior to controlling for fear of rape, the findings indicate that once fear of rape is considered, women’s higher fear of other crimes seems to diminish such that there are either no sex differences in fear or men are more fearful than women. Relevant policy implications are discussed.
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    Gender dynamics in homeownership: A gender system and contract theoretical framework for analysing gender inequality in homeownership in urban Uganda
    (Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2009) Asiimwe, Florence Akiiki
    This paper presents Hirdman’s gender system and contract theory to examine the unequal gender relations in homeownership in an urban Ugandan partriarchal society. The theoretical point of departure is that married women are usually in the subordinate position in homeownership. For married women to become homeowners in a patriarchal society, it is an uphill task. Special conditions that include: a married woman’s control of income; assertiveness, compromise and a husband being in a financial crisis are needed for a married woman to become a homeowner. A qualitative research design was adopted to capture men and women’s experiences with regard to home ownership. Drawing on married couples’ life stories, the paper presents two empirical examples designed to demonstrate the application of the framework in understanding gender dynamics in home ownership and how this inequality comes about. The findings of this research suggest that homeownership is contextual and complex at interpersonal and cultural ideological levels. There are specific processes under which gender inequalities in homeownership are produced, reproduced and sometimes challenged in social practices, an indication that the gender system is subject to change under particular circumstances. The main contribution to this study is the understanding of the complex dynamics of homeownership among middle class urban women. It brings to light that there should be no generalisation of women’s problems in terms of homeownership because each story presents different elements of the homeownership gender contract. This research adds to the existing knowledge on the complex relationship between married women and their husbands in as far as home ownership is concerned in developing countries in general and Uganda in particular. The study further contributes to the theoretical insights in the understanding of homeownership gender dynamics in developing countries.
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    Moving beyond the binary: Exploring the dimensions of gender presentation and orientation
    (Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2009) Lenning, Emily
    The goal of this paper is to provide a forum or discussion of the problematic nature of gendered language as it is currently employed by social scientists in particular, and the larger culture in general. Drawing from my previous research – a 2008 study in which a large-scale qualitative survey that included 249 individuals who identified as transgender, and 55 individuals who were in committed relationships with transgender people – we are able to see that the issue of language, it’s construction, and it’s use in informal conversation and especially scientific discourse is a topic in need of further exploration and theorizing. Informed by the participants in my study, I question the utility of the current language to describe not only the transgender experience, but the experiences of those who embrace traditional gender roles as well.
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    Poly-substance use among male and female street youth in Toronto, Canada
    (Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2009) Kirst, Maritt J.; Erickson, Patricia; Strike, Carol
    Street-involved youth experience high rates of alcohol and other drug use, which put them at risk for other health-related problems including substance dependence, infectious diseases, drug overdose and victimization. There is limited research on gender differences in poly-substance use among street-involved youth. In this study of 150 street youth in Toronto, Canada, we explore the effects of gender, health and social factors on alcohol and other drug use. Multivariate regression analyses were used to create models predicting the number of substances (alcohol and illicit drugs) used in the last 30 days before interview. The mean number of substances used by the female and male street youth was 2.1 and 2.5, respectively, with up to seven used in total. Multivariate analyses showed that different factors were associated with poly-substance use for female street youth compared to male street youth. These results highlight gender-specific factors to be considered in developing preventive approaches and supportive services for homeless youth with substance use problems.
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    Un-doing gendered power relations through martial arts?
    (Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2009) Noel, HarmoniJoie
    According to gender theories there is a power differential between men and women that leaves women vulnerable to violence. This paper seeks to analyze whether martial arts training has the potential to improve women‟s safety by challenging perceptions of their vulnerability. Findings from in-depth interviews with fourteen male and female martial artists show that, although martial artists hold normative beliefs about men‟s and women‟s bodies and their self-defense capabilities in general, they recognize that martial arts training can challenge stereotypical views about women‟s weakness and vulnerability to violence. Specifically, women described how they gained self-confidence and learned to protect themselves and men explained how they saw female martial artists as equals when it came to their physical abilities. As such, martial arts training may be one potential avenue for un-doing the inequitable power relations that exist between women and men.