Orobanşa (Orobanche cumana Wallr.) dayanıklı, yüksek verimli ve yüksek oleik asit içeren hibrid ayçiçeği genotiplerinin geliştirilmesi
Date
2024-06-06
Authors
Akar, Leyla Öztürk
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu araştırma, orobanşa dayanıklı ve oleik asiti yüksek ayçiçeği ebeveyn hatların melezlenmesiyle oluşturulan yağlık melez ayçiçeği popülasyonunun agronomik ve bazı teknolojik özellikleri bakımından genetik yapısını inceleyerek üstün ebeveynleri ve melez kombinasyonları belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın tarla çalışmaları 2018 ve 2019 yıllarında Agromar A.Ş. firmasının Bandırma’daki deneme istasyonunda yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada genetik materyal olarak Agromar A.Ş. tarafından geliştirilen ileri generasyon 3 adet sitoplazmik erkek kısır ana hat ve 4 adet restorer hat kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın ilk yılında orobanşa dayanıklı ya da toleranslı oldukları belirlenen 4 adet dallı restorer baba hat ve 3 adet sitoplazmik erkek kısır ana hat Line x Tester desenine göre melezlenerek 12 adet test melezi elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın ikinci ve üçüncü yıllarında elde edilen 12 adet test melezi, 7 adet ebeveyn hat ve 4 ticari hibrit çeşit 3 tekerrürlü olarak Tesadüf Blokları Deneme Deseninde denenmiş ve Line x Tester analiz metoduna göre test edilerek çeşitli istatistik-genetik analizler yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, tane ve yağ verimi başta olmak üzere verim üzerine doğrudan etkili olan bitki boyu, tabla çapı, bin tane ağırlığı ve tablada tane sayısı gibi özelliklerde en yüksek g.u.y. etkisini gösteren CMS1, CMS3, AGR3 ve AGR4 hatlarının yüksek verimli melezlerin eldesinde kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca CMS3 ve AGR4 erkencilik ve tablada tane sayısı bakımından, CMS1 ise bitki boyu ve tane verimi yönünden öne çıkan ebeveyn hatlar olarak belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, CMS3 ve AGR3 ebeveynleri aynı zamanda oleik asit içeriğini artırıcı yönde g.u.y. etkisi gösterirken CMS3 ebeveyni yağ oranını arttırıcı g.u.y. etkisi de göstermiştir. İki yıl ortalaması olarak en yüksek tane verimi ve yağ verimi sırasıyla CMS3 x AGR4 ve CMS1 x AGR4 test melezlerinden elde edilmiştir. Lokasyon denemeleri yapılarak bu iki melez kombinasyonunun yeni çeşit adayı olarak değerlendirilebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
This research was conducted to determine the superior parents and hybrid combinations by examining the genetic structure of the oil hybrid sunflower population, created by crossing of parent lines with high oleic acid and resistant to broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.), in terms of agronomic and some technological features. The field studies of the research were carried out in 2017, 2018 and 2019 at the research station of Agromar A.Ş. in Bandırma. The three advanced generation cytoplasmic male sterile lines and four restorer lines tolerant or resistant to broomrape and high oleic acid developed by Agromar A.Ş. company were used as genetic materials in the study. In the first year of the research, 12 F1 test hybrids were obtained by crossing according to Line x Tester design between three cytoplasmic male sterile female lines and four branched restorer male lines tolerant or resistant to broomrape. In the second and third years of the study, 12 test hybrids, 7 parent lines and 4 commercial hybrid varieties were examined in Randomized Blocks Experiment Design with 3 replications and tested according to Line x Tester analysis method for various statistical-genetic analyses with respect to the observed traits. According to the research results, CMS1, CMS3, AGR3 and AGR4 lines have the highest g.u.y. effects in terms of characteristics such as plant height, head diameter, 1000 seed weight and number of seed per head, which directly affect the yield, especially seed and oil yield. It was concluded that these lines can be used to obtain high-yielding hybrids. In addition, CMS3 and AGR4 were determined as the prominent parent lines in terms of earliness and number of seeds per head, and CMS1 was determined as the promising parent lines in terms of plant height and seed yield. Also, CMS3 and AGR3 parents also showed increasing gca effects in terms of oleic acid content. In addition, the CMS3 parent showed increasing gca effect for oil content. As the average of two years, the highest seed yield and oil yield were obtained from CMS3 x AGR4 and CMS1 x AGR4 test hybrids, respectively. By conducting location experiments, it was concluded that the combination of these two hybrids could be considered as a new variety candidate
This research was conducted to determine the superior parents and hybrid combinations by examining the genetic structure of the oil hybrid sunflower population, created by crossing of parent lines with high oleic acid and resistant to broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr.), in terms of agronomic and some technological features. The field studies of the research were carried out in 2017, 2018 and 2019 at the research station of Agromar A.Ş. in Bandırma. The three advanced generation cytoplasmic male sterile lines and four restorer lines tolerant or resistant to broomrape and high oleic acid developed by Agromar A.Ş. company were used as genetic materials in the study. In the first year of the research, 12 F1 test hybrids were obtained by crossing according to Line x Tester design between three cytoplasmic male sterile female lines and four branched restorer male lines tolerant or resistant to broomrape. In the second and third years of the study, 12 test hybrids, 7 parent lines and 4 commercial hybrid varieties were examined in Randomized Blocks Experiment Design with 3 replications and tested according to Line x Tester analysis method for various statistical-genetic analyses with respect to the observed traits. According to the research results, CMS1, CMS3, AGR3 and AGR4 lines have the highest g.u.y. effects in terms of characteristics such as plant height, head diameter, 1000 seed weight and number of seed per head, which directly affect the yield, especially seed and oil yield. It was concluded that these lines can be used to obtain high-yielding hybrids. In addition, CMS3 and AGR4 were determined as the prominent parent lines in terms of earliness and number of seeds per head, and CMS1 was determined as the promising parent lines in terms of plant height and seed yield. Also, CMS3 and AGR3 parents also showed increasing gca effects in terms of oleic acid content. In addition, the CMS3 parent showed increasing gca effect for oil content. As the average of two years, the highest seed yield and oil yield were obtained from CMS3 x AGR4 and CMS1 x AGR4 test hybrids, respectively. By conducting location experiments, it was concluded that the combination of these two hybrids could be considered as a new variety candidate
Description
Keywords
Ayçiçeği, Orobanş, Oleik asit, Kombinasyon yeteneği, Heterosis, Heterobeltiosis, Sunflower, Orobanche, Oleic acid, Combination ability