Browsing by Author "Mixson, T. Andrew"
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Item Foraging response of turkish honey bee subspecies to flower color choices and reward consistency(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2010-03) Song, Daniel S.; Mixson, T. Andrew; Serrano, Eduardo; Clement, Meredith L.; Savitski, Amy; Johnson, Ge'Andra; Giray, Tuğrul; Abramson, Charles Ira; Barthell, John F.; Wells, Harrington; Çakmak, İbrahim; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mustafakemalpaşa Meslek Yüksekokulu/Bitkisel ve Hayvansal Üretim Bölümü.; AAH-2558-2021; 57207796431Foraging behavior of Apis mellifera caucasica, A.m. carnica and A.m. syriaca in Turkey was studied for intrinsic subspecies-based differences. Models of forager flower-color fidelity, risk sensitive behavior and maximizing net gain were tested. Foragers were presented artificial flower patches containing blue, white and yellow flowers. Some bees of each subspecies showed high fidelity to yellow flowers, while others favored blue and white flowers. The degree of fidelity, however, differed among subspecies and was dependent upon which color was favored. Bees of all subspecies demonstrated risk indifferent behavior regardless of whether they favored yellow flowers or blue and white flowers. Flower handling time differed among subspecies and increased with reward quantity, and when a reward was present. Flight time between consecutive flowers also differed among honey bee subspecies. Foragers of all subspecies had a higher net gain when visiting flowers with consistent rewards.Item Pavlovian conditioning of the proboscis extension reflex in harnessed foragers using paired vs. unpaired and discrimination learning paradigms: Tests for differences among honeybee subspecies in Turkey(Springer France, 2008) Abramson, Charles; Mixson, T. Andrew; Place, Aaron J.; Wells, Harrington; Çakmak, İbrahim; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Veteriner Fakültesi/Zootekni Anabilim Dalı.; AAH-2558-2021; 57207796431Experiments utilized three honeybee subspecies from very distinct biomes ( Apis mellifera caucasica, A. m. carnica, A. m. syriaca). In experiment one a simple association between odor and a sucrose feeding was readily established in all three subspecies. This association decreased when the conditioned stimulus was no longer followed by a feeding. Neither the learning rate nor extinction rate differed among subspecies. Unpaired controls confirmed that the acquisition of the odor-food association is learned. In experiment two, an attempt to uncover subspecies differences was tested through the ability of bees to discriminate between two odors, one of which is paired with a feeding. Rapid learning occurred in all subspecies and no significant subspecies differences were observed. Finally, discrimination learning was used as an added control to test for honeybee response to an olfactory versus mechanical ( air) stimulus.