Browsing by Author "Phiri, Chilizani"
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Publication Examining gender differentials and determinants of private health insurance coverage in Zambia(BMC , 2021-11-09) Mulenga, James; Mulenga, Mulenga C.; Musonda, Katongo M. C.; Phiri, Chilizani; Phiri, Chilizani; Uludağ Üniversitesi/İktisat Bölümü; DMU-6766-2022Background Health insurance is an essential aspect of healthcare. This is because it enables the insured to acquire timely and essential healthcare services, besides offering financial protection from catastrophic treatment costs. This paper seeks to establish gender differentials and determinants of health insurance coverage in Zambia. Methods The data used in this study was obtained from the 2018 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey. Data were analyzed using STATA 13.0 software and focused on descriptive and Probit regression analyses. Results The study reveals that for women and men, age, wealth category, education, and professional occupation are positively associated with health insurance while being self-employed in the agricultural sector negatively influences health insurance coverage for both sexes. Other variables have gender-specific effects. For instance, being in marital union and having a clerical occupation increases the probability of having health insurance for women while being in the services, skilled, and unskilled manual occupations increases the probability of having health insurance for men. Further, residing in rural areas reduces the probability of having health insurance for men. Conclusion The study concludes that there are differences in factors that influence health insurance between women and men. Hence, this study highlights the need to enhance health insurance coverage by addressing the different factors that influence health insurance coverage among men and women. These factors include enhancing education, job creation, diversifying insurance schemes, and gender consideration in the design of National Health Insurance Scheme.Item Trade openness and economic growth: The Zambian case(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2021-08-06) Phiri, Chilizani; Arslanoğlu, Mehmet; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü/İktisat Anabilim Dalı/İktisadi Gelişme ve Uluslararası İktisat Bilim Dalı.; 0000-0001-7116-1934Since independence, Zambia has pursued different trade policies aimed at enhancing benefits from international trade which in turn can promote economic growth and development. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between trade openness and economic growth for the Zambian Economy for the period 1980-2019. GDP growth, trade openness, FDI, industry value added, inflation, secondary school enrolment and terms of trade were the study variables. GDP growth, trade openness, FDI and terms of trade were I(0) whereas industry value added, inflation and secondary school enrolment were I(1). Thus, the ARDL approach was used as the method of estimation. Using a bounds testing procedure, it was found that cointegration exists among the study variables. The study found that trade openness has a negative effect on economic growth in the long run. Specifically, a 10 percent change in trade openness leads to a -1.38 percent change in economic growth. It was also found that when trade openness depends on FDI, inflation, secondary school enrolment and terms of trade, the effect on economic growth is positive. Thus, trade openness, FDI, inflation, secondary school enrolment and terms of trade complement each other to positively influence economic growth. Furthermore, FDI and secondary school enrolment have positive effects on economic growth in the long run. Terms of trade positively affects economic growth both in the long and short run whereas inflation has a positive effect on economic growth in the short run. On the other hand, industry value added has a negative effect on economic growth in the long run. The study also found a unidirectional causal relationship running from trade openness to economic growth. The study recommends a cautious consideration of complementary variables to trade openness before promoting more openness to trade for the Zambian Economy.