2016 Cilt 10 Sayı 29

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11452/19301

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Browsing by Department "Bitki Koruma Bölümü"

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    Antifungal efficiency of biological control agents against phytopathogenic fungi
    (Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2016-10-01) Şehirli, Sercan; Saydam, Cansu; Ziraat Fakültesi; Bitki Koruma Bölümü
    In the present study, six different biological control agents were used against phytopathogenic fungi to determine the antifungal activities. The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro activity of Trichoderma harzianum, T. harzianum-T. viride, Aureobasidium pullulans, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bacillus subtilis. These bio control agents were used against phytopathogenic fungi such as Fusarium culmorum, F. oxysporum, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina, respectively. In vitro antagonism screening was carried out to test six antagonists against phytopathogenic fungi. Assessment of phytopathogenic fungi mycelial growth was done in 7 days at 25oC after its placement on the culture medium. The all antagonists were shown high inhibition on fungi mycelial growth. The most effective antagonist against fungi was T. harzianum and efficiency rate were continued with Bacillus subtilis, Aureobasidium pullulans and Lactobacillus acidophilus, respectively. Subsequently, in the second phase of in vitro, Captan, Maneb and Thiram were used to determine efficiency on fungi’s culture and survivability of the biocontrol agents. Fungicide dose was selected in label for each one and was used half, recommended and double concentrations. The most resistant plant pathogens against fungicides were M. phaseolina and F. oxysporum, on the other hand, most sensitive were R. solani and S. sclerotiorum when compare to all.
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    Laboratory evaluation of tween 20 for potential use in control of cacopsylla pyri l. eggs and nymphs (Homoptera: Psyllidae)
    (Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2016-10-10) Pehlevan, Bilgi; Kovancı, Orkun Barış; Ziraat Fakültesi; Bitki Koruma Bölümü
    The toxicity of the Tween 20, also known as polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate, was evaluated against the summerform pear psylla Cacopsylla pyri (L.) (Homoptera: Psyllidae) under laboratory conditions. Tween 20 was applied at 1, 2, 3, 7, 10, 20 and 30 ml/l concentrations onto eggs and nymphs of C. pyri on pear shoots. Water was used as a control treatment. The toxic effect on eggs and nymphs was determined by counting treated eggs and nymphs, live or dead. Despite low toxicity to psyllid eggs, Tween 20 showed significant toxic effects against nymphs. The mortality rates of eggs were 3.2%, 2.1%, 1.0%, 12.8%, 13.5%, 100.0%, 100.0% at 1, 2, 3, 7, 10, 20 and 30 ml/l concentrations, respectively. The highest toxic activity was recorded at concentrations of 20 and 30 ml/l. The mortality rates of nymphs were 7.2%, 21.0%, 49.9%, 96.5%, 100.0%, 96.5%, and 100.0% at above concentrations in the same order, respectively. Tween 20 at 3, 7, 10, 20 and 30 ml/l concentrations showed the highest toxic activity to psyllid nymphs, while concentrations of 1 and 2 ml/l had the lowest toxicity compared to water control. No significant phytotoxic effect was observed at all concentrations except for concentrations at 20 and 30 ml/l. In conclusion, Tween 20, either alone or in combination with pesticides, may provide an effective alternative to control pear psylla nymphs.