2022 Cilt 16 Sayı 46

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11452/30900

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Browsing by Department "Biyosistem Mühendisliği Bölümü"

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    The effect of plant density and irrigation regime on net income of sweet corn
    (Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2022-09-23) Kuşçu, Hayrettin; Seçme, Halis; Chote, Barke Hussein; Ziraat Fakültesi; Biyosistem Mühendisliği Bölümü; 0000-0001-9600-7685; 0000-0002-4113-7180
    This study was conducted to determine the effect of two plant density (low: 57000 and high: 95000 plant ha-1 ) and three irrigation levels (all of the water evaporated from a class A pan (Epan): 3/3 Epan, 2/3 Epan, and 1/3 Epan) on the net income of sweet corn. Field experiments were carried out with the Challenger F1 sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) variety in Bursa conditions in the Marmara region of Turkey in 2017. As a result of study, the amount of irrigation water applied to the experimental treatments via a drip irrigation system varied between 148 and 444 mm. Relatively higher average fresh ear yield (20.76 t ha-1 ) was obtained at high plant density under different irrigation levels. On the other hand, the average yield of 3/3 Epan irrigation treatment (22.59 t ha-1 ) under different plant density was found to be statistically higher (P<0.05) compared to other irrigation levels. With the decrease in irrigation level, the fresh ear yield also decreased. The total production costs, including the application of water by drip irrigation system were determined to vary between 2743 and 3000 US$ ha-1 . The highest net income per unit area was obtained from the treatment 3/3 Epan irrigation at high plant density with 1846 US$ ha-1 , followed by the treatment 2/3 Epan. Net income per unit area at low plant density ranged from 350 to 1292 US$ ha-1 . The decrease in the irrigation level decreased the income per unit area. The net income values obtained in return for the unit irrigation water amount were determined as the lowest being 0.24 US$ m-3 for 1/3 Epan irrigation treatment and low plant density, while the highest was determined as 0.50 US$ m-3 for 2/3 Epan irrigation treatment and high plant density. According to the results obtained from the experiment, under 95000 plant ha-1 when there is a land restriction, the irrigation regime in which all the evaporated water from the A class pan is taken as a reference, and in the areas with irrigation water restriction, 2/3 Epan irrigation regime can be recommended.
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    Physical and classification characteristics of soybean (Glycine max CV.) varieties
    (Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2022-10-19) Gürcan, İsmail Safa; Erdoğan, Hilal; Halil, Ünal; Ziraat Fakültesi; Biyosistem Mühendisliği Bölümü; 0000-0002-0387-2600; 0000-0001-5830-2050
    In this study, physical and classification characteristics of 10 different soybean grains (Glycine max cv. A-3127, Ataem-7, Dery, Galina, Rubin, S-1, Umut-2002, Vojvodjanka, Yemsoy and Yeşilsoy) in storage moisture content were examined. These physical characteristics such as: average length, weight, thickness, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, surface area, volume, weight of thousand grains, bulk and true densities, porosity, terminal velocity, rupture force and coefficient of static friction. Results showed that ‘Umut-2002’ variety had highest length (8.07 mm), width (7.00 mm) and heavy (205.2 mg) than the other varieties, while ‘Yeşilsoy’ variety had the highest thickness (5.80 mm) and the roundest (91.4%). The grain variety with the highest bulk density was identified as ‘Dery’. True density and porosity values were observed to be the highest grain variety ‘Ataem-7’. ‘Dery’ variety which is the highest terminal velocity and rupture force value among other varieties. The ‘Rubin’ variety has been found to have the highest static coefficient of friction on all surfaces among all other varieties. Used dendrogram from single linkage nearest neighbour agglomerative cluster analysis which groups ten soybean varieties. Four different clusters of soybean varieties were obtained. The ‘Ataem-7’ variety can be regarded as a separate species from the others.
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    A study on drought analysis using time series, standardized precipitation index (SPI) and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) in Bursa region
    (Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2022-10-19) Uysal, Gülce Arıkan; Gündoğdu, Kemal Sulhi; Ziraat Fakültesi; Biyosistem Mühendisliği Bölümü; 0000-0002-5591-4788
    All agricultural activities are directly related to the climate. In recent years, temperature increases and changes in precipitation regimes adversely affect the Mediterranean Basin, including Türkiye. While increasing temperatures and irregular precipitation rise the need for irrigation in crop production in some regions, excessive and irregular rainfall in some areas seriously damages production. Nowadays, climate change has been accepted by many climate scientists as a problem that cannot be ignored. In our country, drought is one of the natural disasters that will affect agricultural production the most. In this study, a drought analysis was made for Bursa, one of Türkiye’s important cities in agricultural production. In addition, non-parametric Mann-Kendall and Sen's Trend Analyzes were conducted between 1990 - 2019 for precipitation and temperature values. According to the trend analysis results, statistically significant trends could not be reached in the precipitation data; increasing trends were observed in the temperature data. SPI (Standardized Precipitation Index) and SPEI (Standardized Precipitation and Evapotanspiration Index) methods were used for drought analysis; although extreme values were reached for the years 1960 – 2019 due to both ways, it was determined that normal drought levels were dominant in general.