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Abnormal subclavian branching of the left aortic arch in a Native Goat
(Medwell Online, 2009-03) Yılmaz, Bestami; Arıcan, İlker; Veterinerlik Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0001-6342-0094; AAG-7518-2021; 14055524200
This study describes a case of abnormal subclavian branching of the left aortic arch in a Native Goat. During the dissection performed on a cadaver of a 1-year-old, male Native Goat, brachiocephalic trunk and left subclavian artery were seen to arise as 2 separate branches while the bicarotic trunk was not formed.
Alterations in the brain electrical activity in a rat model of sepsis-associated encephalopathy
(Elsevier, 2010-10-01) Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Bakırcı, Sinan; Uysal, Murat; Kurt, Mustafa Ayberk; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0003-3368-8123; 0000-0003-0717-4428; AAG-7125-2021; AAR-4341-2020; 8450193200; 24365835600; 57224848954; 35603735000
Sepsis and septic shock are the commonest causes of death in the intensive care units. Although recent research have improved our understanding of the progress and pathophysiology of sepsis and septic shock, underlying mechanisms in sepsis-associated encephalopathy is still poorly understood. The incidence of sepsis-associated encephalopathy has been reported to vary from 8% to 70% of septic patients. We aimed at investigating the brain's electrical activity using somatosensory-evoked potentials and electrocorticographical recordings in cecal ligation and puncture rat model of sepsis. Significant decrease in mean arterial pressure, increase in heart rate, deteriorated neurological reflexes together with positive blood cultures results, thrombocytopenia and increased blood lactate levels suggesting the successful induction of sepsis in the present study. Elongated latencies and increased amplitudes were observed in somatosensory recordings of septic group, while electrocorticograms revealed slight decrease in median and spectral edge frequencies amplitudes and significantly increased delta activities in 50% of the septic rats. These results would suggest that the studies based on the investigation of the sepsis-associated encephalopathy in animal models needs to be combined with the electrophysiological confirmations of the brain dysfunction following the induction of sepsis.
Beneficial effects of nigella sativa oil on intestinal damage in necrotizing enterocolitis
(Taylor & Francis, 2012-10) Tayman, Cüneyt; Çekmez, Ferhat; Canpolat, Fuat Emre; Çetinkaya, Merih; Uysal, Sema; Tunç, Turan; Sarıcı, S. Ümit; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0001-8309-0934; AAG-7125-2021; 8450193200
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the beneficial effects of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) on rats with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Material and Methods: Thirty newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups as NEC, NEC + NSO, and control. NEC was induced by enteral formula feeding, exposure to hypoxia-hyperoxia and cold stress. Pups in the NEC + NSO group were administered NOS at a dose of 2 ml/kg daily by intraperitoneal route from the first day until the end of the study. Proximal colon and ileum were excised for histopathologic, apoptosis (TUNEL) and biochemical evaluation, including xanthine oxidase (XO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malonaldehyde (MDA), and myeloperoxdase (MPO) activities. Results: Pups in the NEC + NOS group had better clinical sickness scores and weight gain compared to the NEC group (p < 0.05). In the macroscopic assessment, histopathologic and apoptosis evaluation (TUNEL), severity of bowel damage was significantly lower in the NEC + NOS group compared to the NEC group (p < 0.05). Tissue GSH-Px and SOD levels were significantly preserved in the NEC + NSO group (p < 0.05), whereas, tissue MDA, MPO levels of the NEC + NSO group were significantly lower than those in the NEC group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: NSO significantly reduced the severity of intestinal damage in NEC.
Bone length estimation and population-specific features of calcaneus and talus bones of the late Byzantine era
(Collegium Antropologicum, 2009-06) Arı, İlknur; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; AAG-7125-2021; 8450193100; 8450193200
Certain markers in bone structure allow researchers to estimate the length of an entire bone based only on a fragmented piece. Forensic anthropologists and bio-archeologists have recently devoted greater attention to the estimation of bone length from fragmented bones. This study aims to evaluate osteometric data in order to distinguish the population affinity of Byzantine individuals, as well as to estimate the length of the calcaneus and talus bones based on incomplete specimens. This is vital because of the importance of talar bones in the assessments of the population-specific features and because calcaneus and talus bones tend to preserve better archaeologically. The study includes 160 adult, male, complete and non-damaged calcanei (72 left and 88 right) and 84 adult, male, complete and non-damaged talus bones (38 left and 46 right) from the dry, late Byzantine era (13(th) Century AD) contexts. A total of 10 bony markers were selected for measurements of calcanei and 14 were selected for tali. Data were subjected to statistical analysis in order to assess bilateral differences in the bony markers. Correlation coefficients were also determined between maximum lengths of calcanei and tali against other markers. Dorsal articular facet length and dorsal articular facet breadth parameters of calcanei showed significant side differences (p<0.01). Length of the sulcus tali and width of the sulcus tali parameters for talus bones also showed statistically significant differences (p<0.01). More than one of the bony markers correlated in a statistically significant way with maximum length of calcanei and tali.
A case with coincidence of aberrant right subclavian artery and common origin of the carotid arteries
(Elsevier Gmbh, 1997) Kurt, Mustafa Ayberk; Arı, İlknur; İkiz, İhsaniye; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0003-3368-8123; AAR-4341-2020
An aortic arch variant was found in a 63 year-old male cadaver during routine dissection. An aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) arose from the distal aortic arch after the left subclavian artery and coursed to the right and upward behind the trachea and esophagus. A common origin for the carotid arteries (COCA) accompanied this variant of the right subclavian artery.
CDP-choline modulates matrix metalloproteinases in rat sciatic injury
(Elsevier, 2015-10-01) Gündoğdu, Elif Başaran; Bekar, Ahmet; Türkyılmaz, Mesut; Gümüş, Abdullah; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Cansev, Mehmet; Tıp Fakültesi; Nöroşirürji Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0002-9140-4195; 0000-0001-8309-0934; 0000-0003-2918-5064; AAG-7125-2021; M-9071-2019; 57016583400; 6603677218; 56320252500; 56473463900; 8450193200; 8872816100
Background: CDP-choline (cytidine-5'-diphosphocholine) improves functional recovery, promotes nerve regeneration, and decreases perineural scarring in rat peripheral nerve injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of action of CDPcholine with regard to matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity in the rat-transected sciatic nerve injury model. Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats were randomized into Sham, Saline, and CDPcholine groups. Rats in Sham group received Sham surgery, whereas rats in Saline and CDP-choline groups underwent right sciatic nerve transection followed by immediate primary saturation and injected intraperitoneally with 0.9% NaCl (1 mL/kg) and CDP-choline (600 mg/kg), respectively. Sciatic nerve samples were obtained 1, 3, and 7 d after the surgery and analyzed for levels and activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9, levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) and TIMP-3, and axonal regeneration. Results: CDP-choline treatment decreased the levels and activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9, whereas increasing levels of TIMP-1 and TIMP-3 significantly on the third and seventh day after injury compared to Saline group. In addition, CDP-choline administration resulted in new axon formation and formation and advancement of myelination on newly formed islets (compartments) of axonal regrowth. Conclusions: Our data show, for the first time, that CDP-choline modulates MMP activity and promotes the expression of TIMPs to stimulate axonal regeneration. These data help to explain one mechanism by which CDP-choline provides neuroprotection in peripheral nerve injury.
CDP-choline reduces severity of intestinal injury in a neonatal rat model of necrotizing enterocolitis
(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2013-07) Çetinkaya, Merih; Çekmez, Ferhat; Canpolat, Fuat Emre; Uysal, Sema; Tunç, Turan; Sarıcı, Serdar Ümit; Cansev, Mehmet; Tayman, Cüneyt; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Tıp Fakültesi; Farmakoloji Ana Bilim Dalı; M-9071-2019; AAG-7125-2021; 8872816100; 12243787300; 8450193200
Background: Cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) is an endogenous intermediate in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine, a contributor to the mucosal defense of the intestine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible cytoprotective effect of CDP-choline treatment on intestinal cell damage, membrane phospholipid content, inflammation, and apoptosis in a neonatal rat model of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Methods: We divided a total of 30 newborn pups into three groups: control, NEC, and NEC + CDP-choline. We induced NEC by enteral formula feeding, exposure to hypoxia-hyperoxia, and cold stress. We administered CDP-choline intraperitoneally at 300 mg/kg/d for 3 d starting from the first day of life. We evaluated apoptosis macroscopically and histopathologically in combination with proinflammatory cytokines in the gut samples. Moreover, we determined membrane phospholipid levels as well as activities of xanthine oxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and myeloperoxidase enzymes and the malondialdehyde content of intestinal tissue. Results: Mean clinical sickness score, macroscopic gut assessment score, and intestinal injury score were significantly improved, whereas mean apoptosis score and caspase-3 levels were significantly reduced in pups in the NEC + CDP-choline group compared with the NEC group. Tissue proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) levels as well as tissue malondialdehyde content and myeloperoxidase activities were reduced, whereas glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were preserved in the NEC + CDP-choline group. In addition, NEC damage reduced intestinal tissue membrane phospholipids, whereas CDP-choline significantly enhanced total phospholipid and phosphatidylcholine levels. Long-term follow-up in additional experiments revealed increased body weight, decreased clinical sickness scores, and enhanced survival in CDP-cholineereceiving versus saline-receiving pups with NEC lesions. Conclusions: Our study reports, for the first time, beneficial effects of CDP-choline treatment on intestinal injury in a neonatal rat model of NEC. Our data suggest that CDP-choline may be used as an effective therapeutic agent to prevent NEC.
Changes of sex hormone-binding globulin/SHBG expression in the hypothalamo-hypophyseal system of rats during pregnancy, parturition and lactation
(Thieme, 2006) Herbert, Zsofia; Caldwell, Jack D.; Jirikowski, Gustav F.; Sendemir, Erdoğan; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0001-9699-4342; AAA-9892-2021; 6506197826
Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is expressed in hypothalamic magnocellular neurons. High co-localization rates of SHBG with oxytocin have been observed in the hypothalamus, indicating that SHBG plays a role in pregnancy, parturition and lactation. Further studies have shown that hypothalamic SHBG expression is malleable to changing steroid conditions. In this study, we have examined SHBG levels in the supraoptic and paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei and in the posterior pituitary lobe of late pregnant, parturient and early lactating rats by in situ hybridization, immunocytochemistry, and ELISA. Immunocytochemical and biochemical analysis showed that the SHBG levels increased during late pregnancy in hypothalamic nuclei. During parturition, SHBG levels fell in the magnocellular nuclei but increased in the posterior pituitary lobe. SHBG levels increase again during lactation. At day six of lactation, there was no significant difference in SHBG levels compared to normal cycling female rats, which served as control in this study. In situ hybridization showed increased SHBG mRNA signal during late pregnancy. The highest SHBG expression was observed during parturition. Our data indicate that hypothalamic SHBG expression changes during pregnancy, parturition and lactation, parallel to ovarian steroid and co-localized OT levels. This may in part be linked to known steroid actions on synthesis and secretion of magnocellular hypothalamic peptide hormones, important for the control of parturition and lactation.
The clinical anatomy of the communications between the radial and ulnar nerves on the dorsal surface of the hand
(Springer, 2008-03) Loukas, Marios; Louis, Robert; Wartmann, Christopher; Tubbs, Robert Shane; Kramer, Jessica; Özdemir, Senem Turan; Uludağ Üniversites; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; AAA-8734-2021; 18038353400
Sensations of the dorsal surface of the hand are supplied by the radial and ulnar nerves with the boundary between these two nerves classically being the midline of the fourth digit. Overlap and variations of this division exist and a communicating branch (RUCB) between the radial and ulnar nerves could potentially explain variations in the sensory examination of the dorsal hand. The aim of this study was to examine the origin and distribution of the RUCB thereby providing information that may potentially decrease iatrogenic injury to this connection. We grossly examined 200 formalin-fixed adult human hands. A RUCB was found to be present in 120 hands (60%). Of the specimens with RUCBs, we were able to identify four notable types. Type I (71, 59.1%) originated proximally from the radial nerve and proceeded distally to join the ulnar nerve. Type II (23, 19.1%) originated proximally from the ulnar nerve and proceeded distally to join the radial nerve. Type III (4, 3.3%) traveled perpendicularly between the radial and ulnar nerves so that it was not possible to determine which nerve served as its point of origin. Type IV (18.3%) had multiple RUCBs arising from both the radial and ulnar nerves. With the continual development of new surgical techniques and the ongoing effort to decrease postoperative complications, it is hoped that this study will provide useful information to both anatomists and surgeons.
Co-expression of vasopressin and androgen-binding protein in the rat hypothalamus
(Elsevier, 2005-06) Jirikowski, Gustav F.; Herbert, Zsofia; Petrusz, Peter; Caldwell, Jack D.; Şendemir, Erdoğan; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0001-9699-4342; AAA-9892-2021; 6506197826
In previous studies we have observed the expression of androgen binding protein (ABP) in the rat hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system. With immunocytochemical double staining we found partial co-localization with oxytocin. In the present study we used antibodies to the anti-diuretic hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) for co-localization with ABP in the rat hypothalamus. Both antigens were seen in the magnocellular paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei. Dense fiber networks with varicosities containing both AVP and ABP immunoreactivity were visible throughout the hypothalamus, the median eminence and in the posterior pituitary lobe. Double immunostaining revealed also coexistence in the parvocellular portion of the paraventricular nucleus and in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. ABP immunoreactive neurons in the preoptic region were devoid of AVP staining, AVP neurons in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis stained only occasionally for ABP. We conclude that both the magnocellular and the parvocellular hypothalamic vasopressin systems are capable of expressing the steroid binding globulin, which is probably subject to axonal transport, along with the peptide hormone. Intraltypothalamic expression of ABP may be among the mechanisms necessary for rapid actions of steroids on hypothalamic neuroendocrine systems.
A comparative study of variation of the pterion of human skulls from 13th and 20th century anatolia
(Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2009-12) İlknur, Arı; Mustafa, Kafa İlker; Sinan, Bakırcı; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; 8450193100; 36125290100; 36125365800
The pterion is a commonly used anthropologic and neurosurgical landmark defined as the junction of the sphenoid, temporal, parietal and frontal bones. It is commonly classified into four types based on sutural pattern: sphenoparietal, in which the sphenoid and parietal bones are in direct contact; frontotemporal, in which the frontal and temporal bones are in direct contact; stellate, in which all four bones come into contact at a point; and epipteric, in which a small sutural bone is found between the parietal bone and the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. In the present study, 44 Anatolian skulls from two different eras, Byzantine (13th century) and contemporary (20th century), were investigated for morphology and location of the pterion. Sphenoparietal was the most common form, comprising 87.5% and 89.2% in the Byzantine and contemporary groups, respectively. The frequencies of the epipteric type of pterion were 6.25% and 3.6% in the Byzantine and contemporary groups, respectively. Measurements of the location of the pterion were made by using stainless steel calipers and Scion Image software. There were no significant differences in digital and manual measurements between the right and left sides of the skulls in both groups. However, the distance from the pterion to the inion was significantly greater in the manual measurements compared to the digital measurements. Anatomical variations of the pterion, which are of interest to anthropologists, forensic pathologists and surgeons, deserve further investigation in other populations from different geographical areas.
Comparing the hearts of german shepherd and mongrel dogs using statistical shape analysis
(Univ Agriculture, 2013) Özkaya, Güven; Özyiǧit, Gülsüm; Ercan, İlker; Arıcan, İlker; Veterinerlik Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0003-0297-846X; 0000-0002-2382-290X; 0000-0001-6342-0094; AAG-7518-2021; AAH-2983-2021; A-4421-2016; 16316866500; 14056593800; 6603789069; 14055524200
The aim of this study was to conduct a statistical shape analysis of the heart of dogs and to compare this data between German Shepherd and Mongrel dogs. An effective way to examine these shapes is to record the locations of certain points on the object. In this study, 10 hearts were collected from each breed. EDMA and TPS techniques were used to examine genus-based changes in the shape of the heart. The shape deformations were expressed using expansion and compression grids. There was no statistically significant difference with respect to the general shape of the heart between the genera. However, there were local shape differences between the genera in some of the inter-landmark distances: 6% of the inter-landmark distances were greater in German Shepherd dogs, and 11% were greater in Mongrels. There are no heart shape differences between genera, although significant differences were found between the upper part of the left ventricle and the lower part of the right ventricle. The upper part of the left ventricle in Mongrels showed more enlargement than in German Shepherds. The lower part of the right ventricle in Mongrels had more enlargement than in German Shepherds; however, the middle part of the right ventricle of German Shepherds had more enlargement than in Mongrels. Although there were some local significant shape differences between the upper part of the left ventricle and the lower part of the right ventricle, however, there were no general heart shape differences between German Shepherd and Mongrel dogs.
Comparison of lateral and superior walls of the pituitary fossa with clinical emphasis on pituitary adenoma extension: Cadaveric-anatomic study
(Springer, 2008-01) Kürşat, Erim; Yılmazlar, Selçuk; Aker, Sibel; Aksoy, Kaya; Oygucu, Hakan; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0003-3633-7919; AAH-5070-2021; 7199344935; 6603059483; 12795285000; 6701720577; 23012506600
Pituitary adenomas extend to the suprasellar region via diaphragmal passage and extend to the cavernous sinus via the medial wall (MW). Better understanding of the dynamics of suprasellar and parasellar extension of sellar region pathologies requires microanatomical comparison of diaphragma sellae (DS) and the MW of the cavernous sinus. This study provides the first detailed quantitative assessment between DS and MW of the cavernous sinus. Microanatomical details and histopathological examinations of the DS and MWs of the cavernous sinus were studied in sphenoid block samples obtained from adult cadavers, and the thicknesses of the DS and the MW of the cavernous sinus were measured. Mean thickness of the DS was 216.73±51.26 μm in the center and 367.33±133.66 μm in the periphery. Mean thickness of the lower third of the MW was 161.53±53.86 μm and that of the upper third was 278.46±162.79 μm. Difference between the thicknesses of the upper and lower thirds was significant (P<0.001). When the central thickness of the DS and lower third of the MW were compared, a significant difference was found (P<0.01). Our measurements suggest that when the DS is thick and the stalk opening is complete, the thickness of the lower third of the medial wall could be the major determinant of parasellar extension.
Cytidine 5 '-diphosphocholine ameliorates hyperoxic lung injury in a neonatal rat model
(Springernature, 2013-07) Çetinkaya, Merih; Tayman, Cüneyt; Çekmez, Ferhat; Canpolat, Fuat Emre; Tunç, Turan; Sarıcı, S. Ümit; Cansev, Mehmet; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Tıp Fakültesi; Farmakoloji Ana Bilim Dalı; M-9071-2019; AAG-7125-2021; 8872816100; 8450193200
BACKGROUND: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is an important cause of morbidity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the preventive effect of cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) treatment on hyperoxic lung injury in a neonatal rat model. METHODS: A total of 30 newborn pups were divided into control, hyperoxia, and hyperoxia + CDP-choline groups. After birth, pups in the control group were kept in room air and received saline injections, whereas those in hyperoxia and hyperoxia + CDP-choline groups were exposed to 95% O-2 and received daily injections of saline and CDP-choline throughout postnatal day 10, respectively. Histopathological scoring, radial alveolar count, lamellar body membrane protein expression, fibrosis, proinflammatory cytokine levels, lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid phospholipid content, and apoptosis were evaluated. RESULTS: Hyperoxia-induced severe lung damage was reduced significantly by CDP-choline treatment. Radial alveolar count and lamellar body membrane protein expression were significantly recovered, and the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling-positive cells, active caspase-3 expression, and tissue proinflammatory cytokine levels were decreased by CDP-choline administration. Lung tissue and BAL phospholipid contents showed significant increases after COP-choline administration. CONCLUSION: These data show that COP-choline ameliorates hyperoxic lung injury in a neonatal rat model. It may therefore be suggested that CDP-choline may be a novel therapeutic option for the prevention of BPD.
Details of fibroligamentous structures in the cervical unco-vertebral region: An obscure corner
(Springer France, 2003-04) Tekdemir, İbrahim; Yılmazlar, Selçuk; İkiz, İhsaniye; Kocaeli, Hasan; Adım, Şaduman Balaban; Tıp Fakültesi; Beyin ve Sinir Cerrahisi Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0003-3633-7919; AAH-5070-2021; 6603059483; 6508018224; 6603500567; 7004323599; 15730076300
Vertebral bone, joints and ligaments on the cervical spine are structures that maintain the stability of the spine and protect the neurovascular structures. Determining the detailed anatomical location of the intervertebral foramen and unco-vertebral (UV) region with respect to the vertebral bone, joint and ligaments is critical when choosing the safest surgical approach to the cervical spine. We studied the microscopic detailed anatomy of the dural covering and posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) in eight cadaver specimens and the relevance of these structures in the UV region from C4 to C7. The uncinate process (UP) and its covering ligaments are mechanical barriers that prevent the nerve root and the vertebral artery against unintentional surgical damage. Dissection at the posterolateral surface of the UP revealed a separate perivascular fibroligamentous tissue (PVFLT) that originates from the PLL. The recognition of the PVFLT may provide for safe surgery by protecting the neural and vascular structures during decompression in the UV region.
Detecting the shape differences of the corpus callosum in Behcet's disease by statistical shape analysis
(Wiley, 2011-05) Çolak, Cemil; Doğan, Metin; Şener, Serpil; Alkan, Alpay; Ercan, İlker; Turan, Senem Özdemir; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0002-2382-290X; AAA-8734-2021; 6603789069; 18038353400
The aim of this study was to assess the shape differences of the corpus callosum (CC) in patients with Behcet's disease using statistical shape analysis (SSA). Additionally, an attempt was made to investigate the changes in CC size according to disease duration. Twenty-five adults with clinically diagnosed Behcet's disease and 25 age-and gender-matched controls were examined by high-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging. The data obtained from the coordinate of landmarks were analyzed with Euclidean distance matrix analysis and a thin-plate spline analysis. SSA and growth curve models were performed to investigate group differences and to fit the curves. A significant difference was determined between CC shape of Behcet patients and controls (P = 0.006). Based on the analysis, a decrease occurred in the CC size of the Behcet patients as the duration of disease increased. Maximum deformations were determined in the landmarks of interior notch of the splenium, inferior tip of the splenium, posterior-most point of the CC, and topmost point of the CC. Similarly, the landmark of anterior-most point of the CC was identified as having the minimum deformation. Behcet patients had significantly different CC shapes from control subjects. The results suggest that SSA is a promising tool for distinguishing Behcet patients from normal subjects, and that it can give useful information to assist clinicians. Additionally, SSA might be applied to detect shape differences in anatomical structures that are affected by a broad range of neurological diseases.
The effect of morphometric and anatomic relationship of gallbladder to the liver on standard laparoscopic cholecystectomies and proposal of a new anatomical classification
(Verduci Publisher, 2016-04) Duman, Uğur; Erol, F.; Dilektaşlı, Evren; Doğan, Gözde; Dandin, Özgür; Tihan, Deniz Necdet; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Can, Fatma Ezgi; Tıp Fakültesi; Biyoistatistik Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0001-8309-0934; AAG-7125-2021; 14058991800; 8450193200; 56689608500
OBJECTIVE: Anatomical variations of the extrahepatic biliary tree are frequently seen and may cause challenging conditions for surgeons. We aimed to investigate the morphological variations of the gall-bladder in patients who underwent cholecystectomy and their effects during and after the surgery, by using a new anatomical classification. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Dissection time, perioperative bleeding, perioperative/postoperative complication rates, the difference between preoperative/postoperative hematocrit and leukocyte levels of 164 symptomatic cholelithiasis patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy were evaluated. The patients' gallbladders were categorized in "seven" different types regarding their anatomical positions and morphometric relations with the liver's acute margin and fossa of the gallbladder. Relations between these gallbladders types and perioperative/postoperative parameters were also examined. RESULTS: The median time to complete the dissection of the gallbladder from the fossa was 375.5 seconds. The mean length of the fossa was 68.06 +/- 15.08 mm, the average size of the gallbladder was 92.10 +/- 18.79 mm. A positive correlation was found between dissection time and length of fossa vesica and also in the size of the gallbladder (p = 0.003, p = 0.034). Moreover, a positive correlation was found between the dissection time and the perioperative perforation risk of the gallbladder (p = 0.005). The most common type of gallbladder was type I and III (23.2%). The least common gallbladder type among the patients assessed as part of the study was type VI (6.7%). When the gallbladder types were compared, the perioperative perforation rate of the gallbladder wall was found to be significantly higher in morphological type V (p = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS: The perioperative perforation rate of the gallbladder wall was found significantly higher in morphological type V. To perform a safe cholecystectomy, surgeons should be aware of anatomical variations of the gallbladder and its relations with the liver parenchyma, which are important for surgical strategies.
Effects of amylin on bone development and egg production in hens
(Elsevier, 2009-08-01) Güzel, Saime; Güneş, Nazmiye; Yıldız, Hüseyin; Yılmaz, Bestami; Veteriner Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0003-0796-5000; 0000-0002-0901-3129; AAH-4275-2021; AAA-1366-2021; AAI-1930-2021; ABG-8717-2020; 55460886200; 6506008074; 35605229000; 7006501972
Amylin is a member of the calcitonin family of hormones cosecreted with insulin from the pancreatic beta-cells that can act as an osteoblast mitogen and as an inhibitor of bone resorption in mice and humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of amylin on bone formation and some egg parameters in hens. The study was performed in 60 hens aged 10 wk. Thirty hens constituting the treatment group were s.c. injected with amylin at a 75 mu g/kg dose every other day. The remaining hens were used as the control group. Five birds from the treatment and control groups were slaughtered at 14, 16, 18, and 20 wk of age and serum and bone parameters were compared between the treatment and control groups. The remaining 20 hens were fed without any amylin injection until 35 wk. All hens at the end of the 35th week were slaughtered and then serum, bone, and egg parameters were assessed. In the treatment group, bone calcium levels increased, whereas serum calcium levels decreased. This dose of amylin also increased the cortical width of tibiotarsuses in hens. Eggshell thickness was found thicker in the treatment group than in the control group. Overall, the results of this study suggest that amylin may stimulate the bone and eggshell quality by increasing calcium uptake from the bloodstream and may influence the sustainability of yield in hens.
Effects of ascorbic acid and lighting schedule on tibiotarsus strength and bone characteristics in broilers
(Copernicus Gesellschaft, 2009) Yılmaz, Bestami; Yıldız, Hüseyin; Güneş, Nazmiye; Cengiz, Şerife Şule; Özcan, Reşat; Petek, Metin; Arıcan, İlker; Veterinerlik Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0003-0708-3833; 0000-0001-6342-0094; AAA-1366-2021; AAI-1930-2021; B-1526-2018; AAG-7518-2021; 35605229000; 6506008074; 57208113040; 6701611465; 7004448692; 14055524200
This study was conducted to determine the effects of two lighting programs (continuous program; 24 h lighting or intermittent; 12 h daylight followed by three cycles of 1 h lighting and 3 h dark program during the night period) and three different ascorbic acid (AA) supplementations (0, 200 and 400 mg/l, added to water) on some serum parameters, ash content and mechanical properties of tibiotarsus. For this purpose one-day-old male commercial (Ross PM(3)) broiler chicks (n=600) were divided into 6 treatment groups (2x3) with random replicates (4 replicates per treatment). At the end of 6 weeks, intermittent lighting program negatively influenced serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and calcium (Ca) levels (P<0.001) while continuous lighting program had positive influence on bone ash, Ca and phosphorus (P) content (P<0.001). The AA addition decreased serum inorganic phosphorus (Pi) level and positively affected bone chemical characteristics (P<0.001). On the mid-section of the bone, although intermittent lighting had positive effect on bone mechanical parameters (P<0.001), no remarkable effect was observed by AA supplementation. The results of the present study suggest that interaction of intermittent lighting and AA supplementation (200 mg/l) may have positive effect on chemical composition and mechanical characteristics of bone in broilers.
Effects of extremely low-frequency magnetic field on caspase activities and oxidative stress values in rat brain
(Humana Press, 2010) Akdağ, Mehmet Zülküf; Daşdağ, Süleyman; Uzunlar, Ali Kemal; Taşkın, Abdullah; Ulukaya, Engin; Kurt, Mustafa Ayberk; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0003-3368-8123; AAR-4341-2020; K-5792-2018; 6602927353; 35603735000
This study was aimed to investigate the effect of extremely low-frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) on apoptosis and oxidative stress values in the brain of rat. Rats were exposed to 100 and 500 mu T ELF-MF, which are the safety standards of public and occupational exposure for 2 h/day for 10 months. Brain tissues were immunohistochemically stained for the active (cleaved) caspase-3 in order to measure the apoptotic index by a semi-quantitative scoring system. In addition, the levels of catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), total antioxidative capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OS!) were measured in rat brain. Final score of apoptosis and MPO activity were not significantly different between the groups. CAT activity decreased in both exposure groups (p<0.05), while TAC was found to be lower in ELF 500 group than those in ELF-100 and sham groups (p<0.05). MDA, TOS, and OSI values were found to be higher in ELF-500 group than those in ELF-100 and sham groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, apoptosis was not changed by long-term ELF-MF exposure, while both 100 and 500 mu T ELF-MF exposure induced toxic effect in the rat brain by increasing oxidative stress and diminishing antioxidant defense system.

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