2022 Cilt 22 Sayı 2

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11452/30941

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Amino acid composition and some physicochemical parameters of multi-floral honey from mountainous regions of Kyrgyzstan
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2022-08-29) Mazhitova, Aichurok; Smanalieva, Jamila
Mountain animal food products are at the center of attention due to their intrinsic value and, as such, mountain beekeeping products deserve attention and effort for their valorisation. The work aimed at investigating the quality traits of mountain honey samples from Kyrgyzstan, giving particular emphasis on the amino acid profiles and their possible relationship with the other chemical-physical characteristics. The moisture content, acidity, pH, and diastase activity of honey samples were within the limits established by normative documents. The honey samples showed a higher diastase activity (26.34 – 77.9 Schade units), which demonstrates the high quality and superiority of mountain honey. The amino acid content of Kyrgyz honey was investigated for the first time. The major amino acids were proline (1553 mg/kg), followed by phenylalanine (805 mg/kg), lysine (349 mg/kg), and arginine (261 mg/kg). The sum of essential amino acids ranged from 675 to 4506 mg/kg and that of total amino acids from 1539 to 8958 mg/kg. Weak positive correlations were found between the altitude of the collection area and asparagine, glutamine, histamine, glycine, threonine, alanine, proline, valine, and total amino acidity. The results form a basis for the establishment of quality standards for mountain honey.
Biosecurity and good beekeeping practices in beekeeping
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2022-10-20) Borum, Ayşe Ebru
Biosecurity measures in beekeeping (BMBs) include measures taken to prevent the spread of diseases by minimizing the movement of microorganisms and pests in the apiary, preventing diseases and pests in the environment from reaching the apiary or reducing their effects. Biosafety principles aim to prevent infectious factors from entering the apiaries and spreading by humans, bees, feed, and technological systems in order to prevent them from adversely affecting bee health or honey quality. Good beekeeping practices (GBP) prevent or minimize the entry of important bee diseases and pests into the apiary and the spread between colonies and apiaries. Prevents negative effects on bee health, honey safety, honey quality, and production efficiency. BMBs can be effective if GBPs are implemented. In this study, it is aimed to provide information about bee health, protection from bee diseases, preventing the spread of diseases and pests among other colonies and apiaries in the same apiary, biosecurity and good beekeeping practices necessary to obtain quality and reliable bee products.
An easy, effective and cheap method of the European hornet’s eradication
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2022-06-10) Pokutsa, Alexander P.; Muzart, Jacgues
A cheap, versatile and effective method of hornets’ colony elimination based on the light-provoked contact of flying individuals with the 20-30% solution of NaOH is reported. Importantly, the insects survived from touching with this alkali solution transported the poison to the nest.
Evaluation of the polyphenol contents and antioxidant activity of propolis extracted with different techniques
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2022-07-05) Özenirler, Çiğdem; Zare, Golshan
Propolis is classified as an opotherapeutic medicine due to the botanical origin of the resins. The chemical composition of propolis is greatly influenced by the honeybee species, botanical source and extraction techniques. Within this frame, we compared the same propolis’ polyphenol contents and antioxidant activities prepared with different techniques. Four types of extracts were prepared. The first type was prepared classically by ethyl alcohol (POH). The second and third types were extracted by sterile distilled water kept as both sterilised (PS) and non-sterilized (PN). The fourth one was prepared with full vacuumed and dried propolis with honey (PH). The antioxidant activity of extracts was evaluated with DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS radical cation scavenging, Cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity. Also total phenolic and flavonoid content of extracts were investigated. POH extract showed significantly high content of total phenol and flavonoids which followed by PN, PS and PH. POH showed approximately two times higher activity on DPPH radical (IC50=4,39μg/mL) compared with quercetin as references. The highest activity on DPPH is shown by POH with 4,39 μg/mL of IC50 value which was followed by aqueous extracts 18,08. The lowest activity was shown by PS with 4,39 μg/mL of IC50 value. The highest scavenging activity against ABTS radical cation was shown by POH (73,37 mg TE/g extract) and the lowest activity was shown by PS (34,21 mg TE/g extract). According to the results, the new aqueous extraction technique is promising with relatively high polyphenol contents and antioxidant activities. Also honey with propolis can be an alternative product, although it has relatively lower values of antioxidant activity.
The influence of some insecticides on the abundance and foraging activates activities of broad bean bee pollinators in Egypt: A case study
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2022-04-27) Naggar, Doaa H. El.; Shebl, Mohamed A.; Ahmed, Mohamed T.; Osman, Mohamed A.
Insect pollinators provide many essential ecosystem services including pollination, and many others. However, pollinating insects are currently facing potential threats on an unprecedented scale with many species facing decline. Honeybee Apis mellifera comprise nearly 68% of those affected insect pollinators. Irrational Insecticides application, with special reference to neonicotinoides group is one of the main causes of this decline. The main objective of the current study is to investigate the impact of some insecticides application on the activity of broad bean flower-visiting bees. Tested inseticides were thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, thiacloprid (neonicotinoids), spinosyns A and D, beside some organophosphates. Changes in the daily activity of bees visiting broad bean flowers following insecticide application was recorded and compared to their activity before application, throughout until the end of blooming season.
May the honeycomb architectural deviations reflect the bees engineering prowess?
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2022-10-04) Pakutsa, Alexander; Zaborovskyi, Andriy
This study affords the experimental evidences elucidate the putative mechanism of the bee comb establishing. Furthermore, the first time discerned skewed triangular prism in the bottom of the cells ab initio built up by Apis mellifera carpatica indicates that the traditional rhombic dodecahedra is not mandatory element of the comb architecture. The revealed oddity is inherent to about one third of the whole number of the cells constitute the analyzed patterns. The building abnormality presumably developed from the primeval manner of cells construction and may be triggered with the volatile natural factors e.g. geographic location and climatic zone, variety of floral shapes, duration of active season as well as bee race. Disclosed constructional diversity mirror the reaction of the colonies on the highlighted disturbances and might be stipulated by the bees’ ability to engineering prowess.
Production performance and various important behaviors performed by the apis mellifera scutellata bee race
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2022-10-21) Tarekegn, Alayu; Faji, Mulisa; Abebe, Alemayehu
Honey bee colonies exhibit a wide range of behavioral variations depending on genetic origin and environmental factors. Therefore, the performance evaluation of honey bee races is critical to laying a foundation for future selection and improvement in Ethiopia. Thirty colonies of Apis mellifera scutellata (A. m. scutellata) similar in resources contained in the hive were kept in improved box hives and evaluated through various behaviors (i.e. Reproductive swarming tendency, foraging activity, defensive behavior, hygienic behavior, brood population, honey production, and absconding behavior) during the active season and dearth season. In the study area, the A. m. scutellata race has a higher swarming tendency in the active season, with up to 3.42 queen caps per hive prepared per year. Defensive behavior during the active season takes an average of 25.41 seconds after disturbances and follows up to a 212.20-meter distance. But during the dearth season, the colony slightly took a long time to reach aggressiveness after disturbance (31.28 seconds) and followed the observer for a short distance (45.58 meters). The closed brood production is higher (149 units per hive) during the active season and nectar production units per hive are reduced by 50% as compared to the dearth season. The yielding performance of the race per frame ranged from 1.3 kg to 1.5 kg, and an average of 14 kg of honey per harvest. The A. m. scutellata exhibited an absconding tendency of 34.5% if there was any disruption. A. m. scutellata showed good performance in hygienic behaviors (>95%), but undesirable behaviors in defensive behavior, and swarming tendencies make it difficult to manage honey bees. However, the race has good performance in foraging and hygienic behaviors. Further, studies of the honey bee race through selection and breeding could be conducted to reduce the higher defensive and swarming tendency of A. m. scutellata to improve production performance.

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