2010 Cilt 4 Sayı 10

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11452/16908

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Detection of oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline residues in agricultural fields in Turkey
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2010) Balcioglu, Isil; Cengiz, Murat; Oruc, Hasan Hüseyin
Tetracycline residues in the soil were investigated in this study due to their wide use in veterinary medicine and fertilization of agricultural fields with manure containing antibiotics. Soil samples were characterized by using various physicochemical parameters. Solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography were used to detect oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline residues in the soils. The mean recovery rates of oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline were 51.07±27.66% and 62.12±17.05%, respectively. The concentrations of tetracyclines detected in soil samples were ranged from 0.019 mg kg-1 to 0.144 mg kg-1.
The effect of starch sources with different degradability rates on milk production and composition in lactating cows
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2010) Gulmez, Bulent Haluk; Gencoglu, Hidir; Biricik, Hakan; Deniz, Gulay; Kara, Çağdaş; Balci, Faruk; Turkmen, Ibrahim Ismet; Veteriner Fakültesi
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of starch sources with different degradability rates on chewing activities, milk production and composition of lactating dairy cows. Twelve lactating Holstein cows were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square design and fed with diets containing different rates of corn and wheat. The diets were: 1) 26.20% corn based diet (CBD), 2) 16.10% corn and 7.09% wheat based diet (CWBD), 3) 16.51% wheat and 7.26% corn based diet (WCBD), or 4) 25.88% wheat based diet (WBD). The eating, ruminating and total chewing time were not affected by the treatments and time spent total chewing time ranged from 761 to 801 min/d. Cows fed with CBD higher milk production, fat, protein and lactose yield than did cows fed with WCBD and WBD (P<0.05). The fat, protein, and lactose yield were greater for cows fed CBD than for cows fed WBD due to cows fed CBD produce more milk yield compared with cows fed WBD (P<0.05). The milk fat percentages ranged from 3.89 to 4.18%, protein percentages ranged from 3.38 to 3.52%, and lactose percentages ranged from 4.86 to 4.93%, and were not affected by dietary treatments. These results showed that milk production and milk yield compositions were increased by replacing wheat with ground corn.
Effects of supplementary nutrition in awassi ewes on sexual behaviors and reproductive traits
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2010) Kara, Çağdaş; Orman, Abdulkadir; Topal, Ersin; Çarkungöz, Ender; Veteriner Fakültesi
The present study was conducted to improve sexual behavior in Awassi ewes by the nutritional supplement containing multiple nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, amino acids and sorbitol. In addition, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of this nutritional supplement on litter size in ewes and birth weight of lambs. Twenty six Awassi ewes (50 ± 3.20 kg), aged 2 to 4 years, and three sexually experienced Awassi rams (90 ± 5.30 kg), aged 3 years, were used. The ewes were sorted by age, body weight and litter size of them in previous years and assigned to one of the two groups (experimental; EG and control; CG). Each group consisted of 13 ewes. The daily ration of the ewes in EG was added 30 g/ewe the nutritional supplement for 5 days before mating period and 5 days during last month of gestation. Despite the fact that there were no statistically differences for sexual behaviors, the number of lambs born, lambing percentage and birth weights of lambs between groups (p > 0.05), our results showed that the combination of nutrients improving animal health and reproduction had a positive effect on embryonic survival, litter size and birth weight.
The effects on metabolism of glucosinolates and theirs hydrolysis products
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2010) Polat, Umit; Veteriner Fakültesi
Glucosinolates in the nutrition are very important molecules and widely found in Brassicaceae species (brussels sprouts, Dijon mustard, broccoli, cress etc.). Depending on the amount of these kinds of vegetables consumed by humans and animals, some positive or negative metabolic effects of this molecule may occur. Chemically GLS’s are the anticarsinogenic molecules that increase the antioxidan effect, the antibiotic activity and induced the phase-II detoxification enzymes. However, there are the studies shown that I3C, a member of the hydrolysis products of GLS’s, stimulated and inhibited the carsinogenesis. While the low doses of GLS's may be the antiostrogenic effect, the high doses can an estrogen agonist. Due to the lack of scientific data regarding the dose of the molecule that induces favorable and unfavorable effects on the target tissue, our knowledge of this molecule on induction of potential carcinogenic/anticarcinogenic, estrogenic/antiestrogenic, antibiotic effects as well as on regulation of energy balance remains largely insufficient. They constitute the liver, thyroid, rectum abnormalities, and deterioration in the development and reproductive performance. Especially the biological effects, that defines the need to study GLS bioavailability, critically assess the current state of the art on GLS bioavailability, indicate human and animal data on important individual compounds and structural groups, and give recommendations for future research.
The fate of pesticide in the environment
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2010) Tiryaki, Osman; Temur, Cemil
Pesticides are an essential element of agriculture production. Increased use of pesticides has greatly aided agricultural production, decreased losses of stored grains, and has generally improved man’s welfare. However, pesticide usage may lead to undesirable residues as trace contaminats of food, the environment and living tissues. Pesticides are known to move from treated agricultural areas into the broader environment, then they can reach to the non-target organisms. Once pesticides enter the atmosphere, they may be transported long distances. The escape of these chemicals into the atmosphere represents an economic loss to the user, inefficient control of pests, and introduction of possible environmental contamination. With the basis of update references, this article deals with; movement of pesticides from the site of application, environmental behaviour of pesticide and fate of pesticide in the soil-plant system.
Twinning in cattle: Desirable or undesirable?
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2010) Çobanoğlu, Özden
Twin calving in dairy cow production is an avoidable reproductive event. Twinning may have not only positive but definitely negative effects on cow-calf production system. Because of several detrimental effects related with this incidence, cow producers are mostly against to twin birth in dairy herds. On the other hands, having twin calves may enhance production efficiency if an appropriate nutrition and management system can be operated in beef cattle herds. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to discuss and summarize the effect of twinning on reproduction and production system for dairy and beef industries. Finally, it will give an idea whether twin calving is desirable or undesirable characteristic.
Zeolite ameliorates the adverse effect of cadmium contamination on growth and nodulation of soybean plant (Glycine max L.)
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2010) Eshghi, S.; Mahmoodabadi, M. R.; Abdi, G. R.; Jamali, B.
In present study effect of cadmium (Cd) contamination and Zeolite presence in growth media on soybean plants (Glycine max L.) was evaluated. The experiment was conducted as a 3x3 factorial design in a green house with 3 replications. Different levels of zeoilte (0, 2 and 5 g kg-1 soil) and Cd (0, 10 and 25 mg kg-1 soil) were added and mixed with soil thoroughly. The seeds of soybean plants cv. ‘Williams’ were inoculated. Results indicated that Cd contamination reduced shoot and root dry weight, number and weight of nodules and also N, P, K, Fe, Cu and Mn content in plant tissues in contrast, zeolite application had promoting influence on shoot and root dry weight in both cases of Cd presence and absence. It also mitigates the negative impact of Cd contamination on mineral elements content of shoots. Application of zeolite reduced the Cd accumulation within plants. Our findings demonstrated a general negative effect of Cd presence in growth media of plants and a beneficial and promoting influence of zeloite application on plant growth. In fact zeolite has the ability of reducing the adverse effects of Cd contamination.

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