Person: KAFA, İLKER MUSTAFA
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KAFA
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İLKER MUSTAFA
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Publication Peer-assisted skills learning in structured undergraduate medical curriculum: An experiential perspective of tutors and tutees(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2022-05) Aydin, Mevlüt Okan; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Özkaya, Güven; Alper, Züleyha; Haque, Shafiul; AYDİN, MEVLÜT OKAN; KAFA, İLKER MUSTAFA; ALPER, ZÜLEYHA; ÖZKAYA, GÜVEN; 0000-0002-8060-8803; 0000-0001-8309-0934; 0000-0002-8349-9868; AAI-3331-2021; AAG-7125-2021; ABE-2261-2020; FQT-8976-2022Background and Aims: This study aims to evaluate the implication of peer-assisted learning model adopted in students' clinical skills training from the perspective of tutees and tutors at the end of a peer-tutored clinical skills program and peer tutors themselves. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag in between January and March 2018. Following the clinical skills training, a questionnaire designed to assess the views of tutees and peer tutors was filled out on a voluntary basis by 159 tutees and 43 tutors. The statistical analysis of the collected and processed data was analyzed by using IBM SPSS 23.0 statistical program. The statistical significance level was maintained as alpha = 0.05. Results: According to the Likert scale, satisfaction with the tutors and the educational environment was high in general. The 2nd term tutees provided more negative feedback compared to other terms. Among all the terms, the most positive answers were provided by the 3rd term students. Although the tutors found themselves fully skilled in communication with colleagues, there were striking differences between the tutors in the 5th and 6th terms of providing a good role model for pre-clinical terms students. Conclusion: Considering peer assisted learning (PAL)'s positive responses from this study, the adoption of PAL has been started to be used as a supplementary teaching method for the clinical skills training at the Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University. PAL is considered a successful education model since it is cost-efficient for undergraduate medical training and improves the professional skills of both teacher and learner students. It can be availed of as an alternative method in medical faculties where especially the number of academic members is insufficient.Publication Anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidant effects of systemic uridine treatment in an experimental model of sciatic nerve injury(Türk Nöroloji Derneği, 2021-01-01) Khezri, Marzieh Karimi; Turkkan, Alper; Khezri, Marzieh Karimi; Koç, Cansu; KOÇ, CANSU; Salman, Berna; SALMAN, BERNA; Levent, Pinar; Cakir, Aysen; Kafa, Ilker Mustafa; Cansev, Mehmet; Bekar, Ahmet; ÇAKIR, AYŞEN; KAFA, İLKER MUSTAFA; CANSEV, MEHMET; BEKAR, AHMET; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Farmakoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Anatomi Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Fizyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-6097-5585; 0000-0001-8309-0934; 0000-0003-2918-5064; AAA-4754-2022; ABX-9081-2022; A-6819-2018AIM: To investigate the anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidant effects of systemic uridine treatment in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury.MATERIAL and METHODS: Thirty-two adult male rats were equally randomized to Sham, Control, U100, and U500 groups. Sham rats received a sham operation by exposing the right sciatic nerve without transection, while those in the Control, U100, and U500 groups underwent right sciatic nerve transection followed by immediate primary anostomosis. Sham and Control groups received saline (0.9% NaCl) injections intraperitoneally (i.p.), while U100 and U500 groups received 100 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg uridine injections (i.p.), respectively, once a day for 7 days after the surgery. Rats in all the groups were sacrificed on the eighth day; sciatic nerve samples were analyzed for apoptosis by Western Blotting and for oxidation parameters including myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).RESULTS: Uridine treatment at the dose of 500 mg/kg significantly decreased as apoptosis determined by Caspase-3/Actin ratio and exhibited significant anti-oxidant effects as determined by decreased levels of MPO and MDA as well as increased levels of SOD, GPx, and CAT compared to controls. Uridine at 100 mg/kg was only found to decrease the Caspase-3/Actin ratio, although it significantly decreased MDA and increased CAT levels compared to controls.CONCLUSION: Treatment with uridine reduces apoptosis and oxidation in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury dose-dependently. Thus, uridine may be beneficial in peripheral nerve regeneration by exhibiting anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidant effects.Publication Hopelessness among medical students caused due to covid-19 pandemic linked educational hiatus: A case study of Bursa Uludag University, Türkiye(MDPI, 2023-02-01) Aydın, Mevlüt Okan; Özkaya, Güven; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Haque, Shafiul; Alper, Züleyha; AYDİN, MEVLÜT OKAN; ÖZKAYA, GÜVEN; KAFA, İLKER MUSTAFA; ALPER, ZÜLEYHA; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Tıp Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Biyoistatistik Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Anatomi Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-8060-8803; 0000-0003-0297-846X; 0000-0001-8309-0934; A-4421-2016; ABE-2261-2020; AAI-3331-2021; AAG-7125-2021The COVID-19 pandemic has caused disruptions in medical education, leading to feelings of hopelessness among students regarding their medical careers. However, effective institutional crisis-response approaches can mitigate these feelings of hopelessness. This study evaluated changes in the levels of hopelessness among Turkish medical students due to interruptions in their education caused by the pandemic between March and July 2020, using the Beck Hopelessness Scale in three selected periods. A statistical survey was conducted with a total of 3580 participants in three different periods to study the impact of various contributing factors, such as socio-economic status, family problems, health problems, and lack of working environment, on the levels of hopelessness in conjunction with active COVID-19 cases and the effect of institutional interventions for the continuation of medical education during the pandemic. The analysis revealed a direct relationship between contributing factors and hopelessness scores at the end of the selected three periods. Additionally, active COVID-19 cases and institutional crisis-response strategies were found to be indirectly associated with students' hopelessness. An increase in students' hopelessness was found to be related to an increase in active COVID-19 cases in the country, a lack of continuing education practices, and the role of contributing factors. Conversely, a decrease in hopelessness was associated with effective institutional crisis-response strategies. These findings suggest that educational settings dealing with practical subjects should prioritize preparedness for crisis situations.Publication Usability of dental pulp visibility and tooth coronal index in digital panoramic radiography in age estimation in the forensic medicine (vol 134, pg 381, 2020)(Springer, 2020-05-01) Gök, Ertuğrul; Fedakar, Recep; Mustafa Kafa, İlker; FEDAKAR, RECEP; KAFA, İLKER MUSTAFA; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Adli Tıp Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Anatomi Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0001-8309-0934; AAH-6287-2021; AAG-7125-2021Publication Morphology of the ligaments located on the medial side of the ankle and on the plantar surface of the foot(Springer, 2022-01-25) Babacan, Serdar; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; KAFA, İLKER MUSTAFA; 0000-0002-7410-7738; 0000-0001-8309-0934; ABF-7082-2020To have biodynamic features, the feet have bones located in a special posture, the joints that keep together those bones, the ligaments that provide linkage to those joints, and tendons of muscles particularly which end the foot. This study aimed to research the morphology of the medial side and plantar ligaments. The study was conducted on a total of 30 feet belonging to 2 women and 13 men cadavers that exist at the Anatomy Department of the Medical Faculty of Uludag University. After the dissections, 61 parameters that belonging to the ligaments and general features of the foot, were evaluated. The statistical analysis of the collected data was evaluated by SPSS 20.0. According to the findings, while the descriptive statistics of the foot and the ligaments related to the foot, the statistically significant difference of any of the parameters wasn't observed when they were compared between the right and left sides of the foot. In terms of the correlative relations, the parameters that showed high correlation were chosen and 28 formulas were developed using regression analysis. We foresee that our findings of the features belonging to normal anatomic structures will deepen our knowledge besides providing important benefits before or during orthopedic and plastic surgery operations related to the region. Also, our findings were discussed by comparing the findings of similar studies belonging to many other researchers in literature, and our study's contribution to the literature was evaluated.Publication Redesign of missing mandible by determining age group and gender from morphometric features of skull for facial reconstruction (approximation)(Springer Heidelberg, 2021-05-01) Babacan, Serdar; Işıklar, Sefa; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Gökalp, Gökhan; GÖKALP, GÖKHAN; KAFA, İLKER MUSTAFA; IŞIKLAR, SEFA; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/ Sağlık Hizmetleri MYO; 0000-0002-7410-7738; 0000-0002-2070-5193; 0000-0001-8309-0934; AAK-3779-2021; AAG-7125-2021; GMO-0473-2022The identification of an unknown person by facial reconstruction, gender, and age determination is one of the duties of the forensic sciences. In some cases, the skull and mandible cannot be obtained together. In this case, facial reconstruction of the skull without a mandible becomes a serious problem. The aim of our study was to design the mandible suitable for the anatomic structure of the skull by first determining the age group and gender of the skull for skulls without mandible. Our study was carried out on 3D-CT images provided in Bursa Uludag University Radiology Department. Individuals were divided into five age groups considering tooth and bone development. Our study was conducted on 282 3D-BT images. Twenty-three variables on the mandible and 54 variables on the skull were examined. SPSS 20.0 was performed for the developing the regression formulas, discriminant function analysis, and descriptive and comparative statistics. Comparative and descriptive statistical findings between sexes and age groups are presented in tables. Discriminant function analyzes were performed for age group and gender determination. Regression formulas were developed for the redesign of the missing mandible suitable for the skull anatomy. We believe that our thesis will be useful for forensic scientists and anthropologists with the regression formulas that will design the mandible suitable for the anatomy of the skulls without the mandible and age group determination by discriminant analysis method with morphometric data.Publication The surface and intracranial location of asterion(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2019-11-01) Babacan, Serdar; BABACAN, SERDAR; Yıldız-Yılmaz, Meriç; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; KAFA, İLKER MUSTAFA; Coşkun, İhsaniye; COŞKUN, İHSANİYE; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Anatomi Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-7410-7738; 0000-0001-8309-0934; 0000-0001-6484-7153; AAG-7125-2021; ABF-7082-2020; AAH-5390-2021Background: Asterion is identified as the connection point of sutura parietomastoidea, sutura occipitomastoidea, and sutura lamb doidea. The location of asterion, which is primarily preferred as a landmark during posterolateral surgical approach for intracranial operations, shows many variables. The aim of this study was to identify the surface location of the asterion and determine the distances between intracranial anatomical structures and asterion.Methods: At this present study, 11 hemicraniums (22 asterion points), situated at the laboratory of Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, were used. The asterion points which the sesamoid bone located were classified as type I and the ones which sesamoid bone did not locate were classified as type II. According to the proximity of asterion with sinus transversus, 3 groups were classified. About 19 parameters were measured related to asterion. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS 22.Results: As a result of findings, while sesamoid bone was seen at 7 asterion points (type I), at 15 points sesamoid bone was not detected (type II) (respectively, 31.81%, 68.19%). It was identified that 15 asterion points were at the surface, 5 ones were average 3.42 +/- 2.52 nun over, 2 ones average 3.21 +/- 2.26 nun below of the projection of sinus transversus. Statistically significance was not seen between the measurements taken from left and right sides.Discussion and Conclusion: Asterion is an important landmark for the retrosigmoid approaches. The surface and intracranial location of the asterion and proximity with dural sinuses are important for surgeons not to cause fatal subdural hematomas during the approaches using "Burr Hole" technic in neurochirurgie operations.Publication Glutamatergic activation of A1 and A2 noradrenergic neurons in the rat brain stem(Medicinska Naklada, 2019-07-10) Gök-Yurtseven, Duygu; Kafa, İlker M.; Minbay, Zehra; Eyigör, Özhan; GÖK YURTSEVEN, DUYGU; KAFA, İLKER MUSTAFA; MİNBAY, FATMA ZEHRA; EYİGÖR, ÖZHAN; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü/Histoloji Bölümü ve Embriyoloji Bilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Anatomi Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Histoloji ve Embriyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0001-8309-0934; 0000-0003-3463-7483; AAW-4867-2021; AAG-7125-2021; ABE-5128-2020; ABC-1475-2020Aim To analyze the effects of glutamatergic agonists and antagonists on the activation of the A1 and A2 noradrenergic neurons localized in caudal ventrolateral medulla and nucleus tractus solitarii, respectively.Methods Rats were injected with glutamatergic agonists - kainic acid, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA), or N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA), and the brain sections were prepared for immunohistochemistry. Before agonist injections, antagonists - 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione or dizocilpine were administered. The expression of c-Fos, as the neuronal activation marker, and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), as the marker of noradrenergic neurons was assessed with dual immunohistochemistry. The percentage of c-Fos-positive noradrenergic neurons relative to all TH-positive neurons in the respective areas of the brain stem was calculated.Results All three glutamatergic agonists significantly increased the number of the c-Fos-positive noradrenergic neurons in both the A1 and A2 area when compared with control animals. Kainic acid injection activated about 57% of TH-positive neurons in A1 and 40% in A2, AMPA activated 26% in A1 and 38% in A2, and NMDA 77% in A1 and 22% in A2. The injections of appropriate glutamatergic antagonists greatly decreased the number of activated noradrenergic neurons.Conclusion Our results suggest that noradrenergic neurons are regulated and/or activated by glutamatergic system and that these neurons express functional glutamate receptors.Publication A comparison of the relationship between the golden ratio and anatomical characteristics of the supraorbital foramen in bare skulls belonging to the byzantine era and modern era(Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2016-06-01) Bakırcı, S.; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Coşkun, İhsaniye; Büyükuysal, M. C.; Barut, C.; KAFA, İLKER MUSTAFA; COŞKUN, İHSANİYE; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Anatomi Anabilim Dalı; 0000-0001-8309-0934; AAH-5390-2021; AAG-7125-2021The aim of the present study is to determine the frequency of the occurrence of supraorbital foramen/notch (SOF/N) in the skulls of the people who lived in the modern era and the late Byzantine era, to determine the symmetry and the asymmetry between the two halves of the skulls by measuring the linear distance to various landmarks, to check the consistency between the location of the SOF/N and the golden ratio by calculating the ratio between linear distances and to evaluate the differences between the skulls from both historical periods. In the study, the frequency of the occurrence of the supraorbital notch in the skulls from the Byzantine era was found to be 26.60 % on the right and 13.30 % on the left while it was 14.30 % on the right and 9.52 % on the left in the skulls belonging to modern humans. In the skulls belonging to the Byzantine era, the average distance between SOF/N and the sagittal axis passing along the lateral orbital wall was found to be 34.81 +/- 2.51 mm and 32.99 +/- 2.81 mm respectively on the right and the left while it was 33.14 +/- 2.19 mm and 33.39 +/- 2.06 mm in the skulls belonging to modern era. The average distance between the SOF/N and the sagittal plane passing along the midline of the skull was found to be 24.55 +/- 2.79 mm and 21.57 +/- 2.44 mm on the right and the left respectively in the skulls belonging to the Byzantine era while it was 0.04 +/- 3.30 mm and 20.96 +/- 2.37 mm in the skulls belonging to the modern era. The average distance between the SOF/N and sagittal plane passing along the medial orbital wall was found to be 23.78 +/- 3.60 mm and 23.81 +/- 3.20 mm on the right and the left respectively in the skulls belonging to the Byzantine era while it was found to be 22.23 +/- 3.29 mm and 23.97 +/- 1.93 mm in the skulls belonging to the modern era. The average value of the distance between the sagittal planes passing along the lateral and medial sides of the orbit and the ratios between the distance from SOF/N to the sagittal plane passing along the lateral side of the orbit was found to be 1.47 +/- 0.21 mm and 1.60 +/- 0.08 mm respectively in the skulls belonging to the Byzantine era and the modern era. No significant difference was found between this ratio and the golden ratio; the average value of the ratios between the distance from the SOF/N to the sagittal plane passing along the midline of the skull and the distance from the SOF/N to the sagittal plane passing along the lateral side of the orbit was found to be 0.98 +/- 0.26 mm and 1.04 +/- 0.36 mm respectively in the skulls belonging to the Byzantine era and the modern era. A significant difference was found between this ratio and the golden ratio for both historical periods (modern society and late Byzantine period) (p < 0.005). The comparison of the relevant anatomic characteristics of the SOF/N is very important for anthropologists while a broad knowledge on proportional calculations regarding morphometric values and the location are important for reconstructive surgeons and the experts in forensics and pain control.Publication A comparison of anatomical measurements of the infraorbital foramen of skulls of the modern and late byzantine periods and the golden ratio(Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2016-06-01) Bakirci, S.; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Coşkun, İzzet; Buyukuysal, M. C.; Barut, C.; KAFA, İLKER MUSTAFA; Coşkun, İzzet; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Anatomi Anabilim Dalı; AAG-7125-2021; CKP-4588-2022The aim of this study was to examine the morphometric characteristics of the infraorbital foramen of skulls of people living in modern society and in the late Byzantine period, to ascertain the symmetry or asymmetry of the two halves of the skulls by measuring the linear distance between various landmarks, to evaluate at the conformity between the infraorbital foramen and the golden ratio by calculating the ratios between these linear distances, and to set out the differences or similarities between the skulls of these different periods. It was found in the study that the morphometric characteristics of the infraorbital foramen in skulls of the modern period were 47.05 % circular, 41.17 % oval and 11.76 % atypical (semilunar and triangular) on the right, and 70.58 % circular and 29.41 % oval on the left, while those of the Byzantine period were 46.06 % circular and 53.3% oval on the right, and 50% circular and 50 % oval on the left. It was found that the measurements across the infraorbital foramen of the Byzantine skulls averaged 2.93 +/- 1.05 mm and 3.15 +/- 1.03 mm on the right side and 2.62 +/- 0.97 mm and 3.16 +/- 0.68 mm on the left vertically and horizontally respectively, and those of the modern period measured 2.32 +/- 0.50 mm and 3.00 +/- 0.92 mm on the right and 2.48 +/- 0.45 mm and 2.76 +/- 0.65 mm on the left vertically and horizontally respectively. The ratio between the distances from the outer orbital wall of the IOF to the sagittal plane and the piriform aperture were 1.46 +/- 0.25 mm and 1.40 +/- 0.21 mm for left and right respectively for the Byzantine skulls, and 1.24 +/- 0.24 mm and 1.29 +/- 0.42 mm for the modern skulls. A significant difference was found between the ratio obtained and the golden ratio for each of the periods (modern and Byzantine) (p < 0.005). A comparison of anatomical characteristics of the infraorbital foramen of people living at different historical periods is important for anthropologists and knowing morphological types and amassing knowledge on the proportional calculation of location is important for dentistry, maxillofacial surgery and algology.