Person: ERKAN ALKAN, PERİHAN
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ERKAN ALKAN
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PERİHAN
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Publication New antibacterial agent: Nanobubble ozone stored in liposomes: The antibacterial activity of nanobubble ozone in liposomes and their thymol solutions(Taylor, 2021-03-30) Alkan, Perihan Erkan; Güneş, Mesut Ertan; Özakın, Cüneyt; Sabancı, Ahmet Ümit; ERKAN ALKAN, PERİHAN; GÜNEŞ, MESUT ERTAN; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Teknik Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu/Gıda İşleme Bölümü; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı; 0000-0002-8837-3375; 0000-0002-9347-8307; 0000-0001-5428-3630; AAK-4470-2021; JHZ-5366-2023Ozone is a highly effective oxidant. In its gaseous form, ozone is not a stable compound; however, stability and effectiveness are sustained for a long period, when stored in vegetable oils. In this study, solutions are prepared containing a combination of ozone nanobubbles, vegetable oils and emulsifiers. Throughout the study, the antibacterial effectiveness and stability of ozone nanobubble carried in liposomes and their solutions with thymol are tested on strains of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922). Findings of the study suggest that the stability range of the ozone nanobubbles carried in liposomes extend to a 1-year period. In addition, the antibacterial effectiveness of this structure, both with and without thymol, is tested to be substantially high on the sample bacteria. These ozone structures/solutions can be stored at +4 degrees for an extended period of time compared to ozone's possible stability range as a sole trioxygen molecule. Results of the study highlight the possibility of extending the storage/stability range even further.Publication Allergenic Cupressaceae (cypress family) pollen concentrations in Turkey(Bilimsel Tip Yayinevi, 2010-01-01) Bıçakçı, Adem; BIÇAKÇI, ADEM; Tosunoğlu, Aycan; TOSUNOĞLU, AYCAN; Altunoğlu, Mustafa Kemal; Çelenk, Sevcan; ÇELENK, SEVCAN; Erkan, Perihan; ERKAN ALKAN, PERİHAN; Canıtez, Yakup; CANITEZ, YAKUP; Malyer, Hulusi; MALYER, HULUSİ; Sapan, Nihat; SAPAN, NİHAT; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi/Biyoloji Bölümü.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-6333-3123; 0000-0003-4925-8902; 0000-0002-8837-3375; K-2981-2012; AAK-4004-2021; O-1244-2018Cupressus and Juniperus airborne pollen grains, belonging to the Cupressaceae family and causing respiratory system allergy by inhalation, have an important place among aeroallergens. In this study, airborne pollen studies were carried out in Turkey, and the monthly changes in Cupressaceae pollens rates in 57 regions were evaluated. Results of the studies showed that the highest numbers of Cupressaceae pollen grains were recorded between march and may.Publication Analysis of airborne pollen fall in Tekirdag, Turkey(Bilimsel Tip Yayinevi, 2010-01-01) Aybeke, Mehmet; Erkan, Perihan; ERKAN ALKAN, PERİHAN; Bıçakcı, Adem; BIÇAKÇI, ADEM; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi/Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; 0000-0002-8837-3375; 0000-0002-6333-3123; 0000-0001-9512-5313; O-1244-2018; AAK-4004-2021Objective: Airborne pollen grains are important aeroallergens. When released in sufficient amounts, allergenic pollen may evoke allergic responses in the sensitive patients, leading to allergic rhinitis and asthma. The aim of this study was to determine pollen grains and changes in pollen fall per cm(2) weekly, monthly and annually in the atmosphere of Tekirdag.Materials and Methods: In this study, pollen grains were collected from the atmosphere of Tekirdag in 2002 and 2003 using a Durham sampler.Results: During these two years, a total of 7183 pollen grains were recorded. A total of 3462 pollen grains per cm(2) were recorded in 2002 and a total of 3721 pollen grains per cm(2) in 2003. Pollen fall in the years 2002-2003 comprised grains belonging to 45 taxa. Of these taxa, 25 belonged to arboreal and 20 taxa non-arboreal plants. Total pollen grains consisted of 64.08% grains from arboreal plants, 35.89% grains from non-arboreal plants and 0.03% unidentified pollen grains. In the region investigated, Cupressaceae/Taxaceae (Cypress/Taxus family), Pinus spp. (Pine), Gramineae (Grass), Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae (Chenopod/Amaranth family), Quercus spp. (Oak), Xanthium spp. (Cockleburs), Juglans spp. (Wallnut), Platanus spp. (Plane tree), Aesculus spp. (Horse chestnut), Fraxinus spp. (Ash), Oleaceae (Olive family), Salix spp. (Willow), Plantago spp. (Plantain), Rumex spp. (Sorrel), Artemisia spp. (Mugwort) and Betula spp. (Birch) released the greatest amounts of pollen. The months of maximum pollen fall was from April to June.Conclusion: The pollen calendar for Tekirdag region presented in this paper may be useful for showing the timing of pollen seasons to visitors to the city, and may be useful for allergologists to establish an exact diagnosis.Publication Nanobubble ozone stored in hyaluronic acid decorated liposomes: Antibacterial, anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect and biocompatibility tests(Dove Medical Press Ltd, 2022-01-01) Sabancı, Ahmet Ümit; Alkan, Perihan Erkan; Mujde, Cem; Polat, Hivda Ulbegi; Ergüzeloğlu, Cemre Örnek; Bişgin, Atıl; Özakın, Cüneyt; Temel, Sehime G.; ERKAN ALKAN, PERİHAN; Ergüzeloğlu, Cemre Örnek; TEMEL, ŞEHİME GÜLSÜN; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sağlık Meslek Yüksekokulu/Tıbbi Laboratuvar Bölümü.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü/Translasyonel Tıp Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi/Tıbbi Genetik Bölümü.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.; 0000-0002-8837-3375; AAK-4004-2021; EXQ-7887-2022; DXX-3499-2022; AAG-8385-2021Purpose: SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals may be asymptomatic, and therefore, the virus is highly contagious. We aimed to develop an agent to control viral replication in the upper respiratory tract and to prevent progression of the disease into the lower airways as well as inter-individual transmission. For this purpose, we investigated the antibacterial and antiviral activities of our novel nanobubble ozonated hyaluronic acid-decorated liposomal (NOHAL) solution, developed by using nanotechnology. Methods: The MIC levels of NOHAL solution were determined on blood agar cultures of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Streptococcuspneumoniae (ATCC 49619) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922). The in vitro anti-viral activity of NOHAL solution was studied using recombinant SARS-CoV-2 copies of the original virus, grown in Vero cells generated by reverse genetic technology. Human primary lung epithelial cells obtained by bronchoscopy or lung resection were used for cell viability tests using flow cytometry analysis. The cytotoxicity testing was performed using the BALB/c 3T3 (CCL-163) cell line. Skin, oral, nasal and ocular irritation tests were performed using New Zealand albino rabbits, Syrian hamsters, BALB c mice and New Zealand albino rabbits of both sexes. Results: Bacterial growth was prevented by NOHAL solution in a time-/dose-dependent manner. In vivo or in vitro experiments did not show any toxicity of NOHAL solution. No cytotoxicity was recorded on cell viability. No skin, oral, nasal or ocular toxicities were recorded. In addition, in a SARS-CoV-2 mouse infection model, NOHAL solution diminished the viral RNA levels effectively in nasopharyngeal and lung samples after its prophylactic intranasal application. Conclusion: NOHAL solution has the potential to reduce or prevent the spread of SARSCoV-2 through the nose and/or oral cavity. The clinical efficacy of this solution needs to be tested in order to determine its efficacy in the early phase of COVID-19.Publication Nanoparticle liposomes: A new strategy in bacterial infections(Doc Design Informatics, 2021-08-01) Erkan Alkan, Perihan; Güneş, Mesu Ertan; Özakın, Cüneyt; Sabancı, A. Ümit; ERKAN ALKAN, PERİHAN; GÜNEŞ, MESUT ERTAN; ÖZAKIN, CÜNEYT; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Teknik Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Tıp Fakültesi/Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı; 0000-0002-8837-3375; 0000-0002-9347-8307; AAK-4004-2021; AAK-4470-2021; JRO-4525-2023Objective: In our study, a nanoparticle liposome molecule with patent application number TR201804452A2 was used, and the Minimum Inhibitor Concentration (MIC) was found to be 1562 ppm. According to the ASTMF 1980 standard, it has been determined that the nanoparticle liposome solution kept at 37 days and 55 degrees C in return for one-year stability preserves its effectiveness. Our study aimed to show that the newly developed solution maintains its effectiveness for a long time.Methods: CLSI M07-A10 (Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically. Tenth ed. Approved Standard) standard test method of the nanoparticle liposome solution developed with a technique different from the standard ozonation mechanisms, and antibacterial tests were performed by modifying the contact time and the MIC value of the solution, and its effect on time has been determined. For the stability test of the nanoparticle liposome solution, it was kept at 55 degrees C for 37 days in return for one-year stability according to the ASTM F 1980 standard.Results: MIC of nanoparticular ozone solution CLSI M07-A10 standard test method for S. aureus (ATCC 25923) and E. coli (ATCC 25922) strains by modifying contact time It was determined as 1.562 ppm. For S. aureus (ATCC 25923), at the end of the first hour, it was determined that the activity started at 2000 and 1750 ppm nanoparticle liposome solution concentration. For E. coli (ATCC 25922) it was determined that the activity started at the 10th minute at 2000 ppm nanoparticular ozone solution concentration. The solution was still effective at the end of one year according to the ASTM F 1980 standard in terms of effectiveness.Conclusions: As a result, the nanoparticle liposome solution, a new product, does not lose its stability and effectiveness for a long time, contrary to what is known. Although the half-life of gaseous ozone is as short as 20 minutes, the stability in the nanoparticle liposome solution has been determined as at least one year. Since nanoparticle liposome solution is a natural and slow-release product, it is thought that it can create a barrier in mucosal membranes in regions such as the nose, throat, eye and ear with solutions to be prepared in appropriate doses thus preventing bacteria from settling.