Tartışılan bir Râvi: İbn Lehîʿa
Date
2020-12-04
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Abdullah b. Lehîʿa (ö. 174/791) etbâʿu’t-tâbiîn nesli önemli âlimlerindendir. Mısır diyarının muhaddisi, fakihi ve kadısı olarak şöhret salan İbn Lehîʿa, hayatının erken dönemlerinden iti- baren ilme, özellikle de hadis ve fıkha ilgi duymuş, daha sonra ilmî seviyesi, hadis bilgisi, mü- ellefatının fazlalığı ve şeyhlerinin çokluğu ile bölgenin en meşhur isimleri arasında yer almayı başarmıştır. Birçok âlim tarafından “asrın âlimi ve muhaddisi”, “ilmin inceliklerini kavrayan”, ilim konusunda “Mısır’ın liderlerinden biri” ve “ilim denizlerinden bir deniz” olarak nitelen- dirilmiştir. Ayrıca Süfyân es-Sevrî, İmâm Mâlik ve Ahmed b. Hanbel gibi hadis ilminde otorite olan şahısların yanı sıra onu çok iyi tanıyan Ahmed b. Sâlih ve Abdullah b. Vehb gibi ilmî açı- dan sözlerine itibar edilebilecek kişiler onu öven ifadeler kullanmıştır. Fakat Mısır’daki ilmî konumuna ve hakkındaki övgülere rağmen İbn Lehîʿa, hadiste zayıf bulunmuş, rivayetlerinin sağlamlığını zedeleyen farklı açılardan cerhlere maruz kalmıştır. Sebebi açıklanmayan cerh- leri bir yana bırakacak olursak İbn Lehîʿa’nın “teşeyyuʿ, tedlîs, kitaplarının yanması, hafıza za- yıflığı, iḫtilâṭ ve rivayette gevşeklik” gibi beş farklı hususta tenkit edildiği anlaşılmaktadır. Ri- vayet ehliyetini zedeleyen bu tür kusurlardan dolayı İbn Lehîʿa’nın rivayetleri hüccet kabul edilmemiştir. Bu çalışmada, âlimlerin İbn Lehîʿa’ya yönelttikleri leh ve aleyhteki açıklamalara dayanarak, onun hadis rivayetine ehliyeti tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
ʿAbd Allah Ibn Lahīʿa (d. 174/791) is one of the important scholars of etbāʿ al tābiʿūn generation. From the early stages of his life, he had a keen interest in knowledge; especially ḥadith and fiqh. Then, as a muḥaddith, faqih and qadi of Egypt, with his high level in science, deep knowledge of ḥadith, a lot of books and so many teachers, he succeeded to become one of the most famous scholars of that region. He has been described by many scholars as “the scholar and muḥaddith of the century”, “who grasping the particulars of science”, “one of the leaders of Egypt” in science and “one of the seas of science”. Furthermore figures like Sufyān Al Thawrī, Mālik and Aḥmad Ibn Ḥanbal, who were authorities in the science of ḥadith, as well as Aḥmad Ibn Sālih and ʿAbd Allāh Ibn Wahb, whose have known him very well, used words that can be credited in terms of science, to praise him. However, despite his scientific position in Egypt and the praises about him, Ibn Lahīʿa was deemed weak in the ḥadith, and he was exposed to various criticisms (jarḥ) which damage the soundness of his narrations. Besides the jarḥs which are not explained, it can be mentioned that Ibn Lahīʿa was criticized on five different subjects like “Tashayyuʿ, tadlīs, burning of his books, memory weakness and laxity in narration”. For those defaults which damaged his ability in ḥadith narration, the narrations of Ibn Lahīʿa were not accepted as an argument. In this study the competence of ʿAbd Allāh Ibn Lahīʿa to the ḥadith narration is discussed based on the pros and cons expressions of the scholars.
ʿAbd Allah Ibn Lahīʿa (d. 174/791) is one of the important scholars of etbāʿ al tābiʿūn generation. From the early stages of his life, he had a keen interest in knowledge; especially ḥadith and fiqh. Then, as a muḥaddith, faqih and qadi of Egypt, with his high level in science, deep knowledge of ḥadith, a lot of books and so many teachers, he succeeded to become one of the most famous scholars of that region. He has been described by many scholars as “the scholar and muḥaddith of the century”, “who grasping the particulars of science”, “one of the leaders of Egypt” in science and “one of the seas of science”. Furthermore figures like Sufyān Al Thawrī, Mālik and Aḥmad Ibn Ḥanbal, who were authorities in the science of ḥadith, as well as Aḥmad Ibn Sālih and ʿAbd Allāh Ibn Wahb, whose have known him very well, used words that can be credited in terms of science, to praise him. However, despite his scientific position in Egypt and the praises about him, Ibn Lahīʿa was deemed weak in the ḥadith, and he was exposed to various criticisms (jarḥ) which damage the soundness of his narrations. Besides the jarḥs which are not explained, it can be mentioned that Ibn Lahīʿa was criticized on five different subjects like “Tashayyuʿ, tadlīs, burning of his books, memory weakness and laxity in narration”. For those defaults which damaged his ability in ḥadith narration, the narrations of Ibn Lahīʿa were not accepted as an argument. In this study the competence of ʿAbd Allāh Ibn Lahīʿa to the ḥadith narration is discussed based on the pros and cons expressions of the scholars.
Description
Keywords
Hadis, Abdullah b. Lehîʿa, Nakd, Cerh-Taʿdîl, İhtilât, Ḥadith, ʿAbdallāh Ibn Lahīʿa, Naqd, Jarḥ-Taʿdīl, Ikhtilāṭ
Citation
Karahan, A. ve Shaba, T. (2021). "Tartışılan bir Râvi: İbn Lehîʿa". Uludağ Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(1), 79-104.