Türkçenin tarihî metinlerine modern bir bakış: Tonyukuk Yazıtı’nda “öteki” algısı
Date
2022-06-13
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Orhon Yazıtları Türklük bilgisinin en temel referans kaynaklarıdır. Kendilik bilgisinin gelecekteki nesillere aktarılması kaygısıyla taşa kazınan sözler, dönemin tarihî gelişmelerine ışık tutar. Tonyukuk’un ağzından verilen yazıttaki aidiyet olgularının varlığı, “öteki” algısını da somutlar. “Kendi”nin dışındaki her şey olarak konum alan “öteki”, Tonyukuk Yazıtı’nda da netlik kazanır ve Göktürk devletinin töreli iktidarı adına gerçekleştirilen savaşlarla belirlenir. Nitekim yazar özne konumundaki Tonyukuk, ifadelerinde “öteki”nin kim olduğuna dair net bilgiler verir. Farklı Türk boylarıyla da savaşılmış olması, “yakın öteki” algısını gündeme getirecektir. Türk boylarının kendi aralarındaki mücadeleleri var eden yönetme, erk sahibi olma itkisi, Türkler arasındaki yabancılaşma ve öteki algısını belirleyen bir denklemdir. Metin odaklı söylemde yegâne “ötekilik” referansının “birliğe karşı çıkmak” olduğunu söylenebilir. Nihayetinde Çinliler “düşman öteki”, “büyük öteki”dir. Çalışmada Tonyukuk Yazıtı’nda şekillenen “ötekilik”, Tonyukuk ve Göktürk devleti algısallığında, Göktürk kimliği odağında değerlendirilecektir. Ayrıca “öteki” algısını var eden törel unsurlar ortaya konarak, iktidar - töre denklemi gündeme getirilecektir.
The Orkhon inscriptions are the main referential source for the knowledge of Turkish studies. The statements inscribed on stones for handing down the knowledge of selfhood to posterity shed light on the historical developments of the era. The presence of concepts of belonging in this inscription as expressed by Tonyukuk naturally indicates the perception of the “other”. The perception of the “other” in the Tonyukuk inscription is defined through the wars that were fought in the name of the traditional power of the Göktürk Khaganate. The “other” that becomes evident in this inscription should be assessed based on Tonyukuk’s knowledge, experience, and discourse. As a matter of fact, Tonyukuk as the author conveys clear information on who the “other” is. The fact of having fought against different Turkish tribes as well will bring the perception of the “close other” to the fore. The impulse of dominating and having power, which led to the struggles among Turkish tribes, is an equation that identifies the alienation and the perception of the other among the Turks. As for the text-based discourse, the only reference to “otherness” can be said to be the “opposition to the unity”. Eventually, the Chinese are the “enemy other”, the “big other”. The present study will address the perception of the “other” that appears in the Tonyukuk inscription from the viewpoint of Tonyukuk, the author, and the Göktürk Khaganate of the Göktürk identity. The study will also reveal the traditional elements that give existence to the perception of the other and discuss the equation of power and tradition.
The Orkhon inscriptions are the main referential source for the knowledge of Turkish studies. The statements inscribed on stones for handing down the knowledge of selfhood to posterity shed light on the historical developments of the era. The presence of concepts of belonging in this inscription as expressed by Tonyukuk naturally indicates the perception of the “other”. The perception of the “other” in the Tonyukuk inscription is defined through the wars that were fought in the name of the traditional power of the Göktürk Khaganate. The “other” that becomes evident in this inscription should be assessed based on Tonyukuk’s knowledge, experience, and discourse. As a matter of fact, Tonyukuk as the author conveys clear information on who the “other” is. The fact of having fought against different Turkish tribes as well will bring the perception of the “close other” to the fore. The impulse of dominating and having power, which led to the struggles among Turkish tribes, is an equation that identifies the alienation and the perception of the other among the Turks. As for the text-based discourse, the only reference to “otherness” can be said to be the “opposition to the unity”. Eventually, the Chinese are the “enemy other”, the “big other”. The present study will address the perception of the “other” that appears in the Tonyukuk inscription from the viewpoint of Tonyukuk, the author, and the Göktürk Khaganate of the Göktürk identity. The study will also reveal the traditional elements that give existence to the perception of the other and discuss the equation of power and tradition.
Description
Keywords
Tonyukuk yazıtı, Göktürk devleti, Kimlik, Öteki, Tonyukuk Inscription, Göktürk Khaganate, Identity, Other
Citation
Atay, D. (2022). ''Türkçenin tarihî metinlerine modern bir bakış: Tonyukuk yazıtı’nda “öteki” algısı''. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 23(43), 1423-1443.