Türkiye’de afet hemşireliği
Date
2021-12-01
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Deprem, sel, kasırga gibi doğa kaynaklı ve savaşlar, endüstriyel kazalar gibi insan kaynaklı olaylar, çok ciddi acil durumlara ve afetlere yol açabilmekte; doğal yaşam koşullarını değiştirebilmektedir. Afet durumunda acil müdahalenin sağlanabilmesi ve afetler nedeniyle değişen yaşam şartlarında sağlık hizmetlerinin sürdürülebilmesi için hemşirelerin “afet hemşireliği” ile ilgili özel bilgi ve becerilere sahip olması önemlidir. Bu makalede dünya çapında afetlerin yaygınlaşmasıyla birlikte daha fazla dikkat çekmeye başlayan afet hemşireliğinin Türki- ye’deki durumunun ele alınması; afet hemşireliğine ilişkin eğitim olanakları, bilimsel araştırmalar ve hemşirelerin afet durumundaki görev ve sorumluluklarına ilişkin alan yazın bilgisinin sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Türkiye’de afet hemşireliği halen gelişme aşamasındadır. Özelleşme sürecini tamamlayarak hemşireliğin diğer uzmanlık alanları gibi ayrı bir uzmanlık dalı haline gelememiştir. Türkiye’de lisans düzeyinde eğitim veren hemşirelik programlarının müfredatlarında afetlerle ilgili dersler yer almaktadır. Ancak bu derslerin kapsamı ile ilgili bir stan- dardizasyon oluşturulmamıştır. Türkiye’de hemşirelerin yetkilerini belirleyen yasalarda da, afet durumundaki görev ve sorumlu luklar konu- sunda oldukça sınırlı bir düzenleme bulunmaktadır. Hemşireler afet durumunda, görevli oldukları sağlık kuruluşlarında, arama kurtarma örgütlerinin gönüllü üyeleri olarak ya da bir sosyal hizmet kuruluşu olan Kızılay bünyesinde sağlık hizmeti verebilmektedir. Türkiye’de afet hemşireliği alanında yapılan araştırmalar incelendiğinde hemşirelerin kendilerini afetlere müdahale konusunda yeterli görmedikleri ve afet hemşireliği konusunda eğitim gereksinimleri olduğu dikkat çekmektedir. Söz konusu eğitim gereksiniminin karşılanabilmesi ve Türkiye’de afet hemşireliğinin gelişim sürecinin hızlanması için lisans düzeyinde standartlaştırılmış, ortak bir çerçeve ve çekirdek müf redatın oluşturul- ması önem taşımaktadır.
Naturally originating events such as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes and human-induced events such as wars and industrial accidents can lead to very serious emergencies and disasters; can change natural living conditions. It is important that nurses have special knowledge and skills about "disaster nursing" in order to provide emergency response in case of disaster and to maintain health services in changi ng living condi- tions due to disasters. In this article, the situation of disaster nursing, which has started to attract more attention with the spread of disasters around the world, is discussed in Turkey; It is aimed to present the literature about the educational opportunities, scientific researches and the duties and responsibilities of nurses in disaster situations. Disaster nursing is still in the development stage in Turkey. By completing the specialization process, it could not become a separate branch like other branches of nursing. In Turkey, ther e are courses related to disasters in the curricula of undergraduate nursing programs. However, no standardization has been established regarding the scope of these courses. There is a very limited regulation on the duties and responsibilities in case of disaster in the laws determining the powers of nurses in Turkey. In the event of a disaster, nurses can provide health services in the health institutions they are assigned to, as volunteer members of search and rescue organizations or within the body of the Red Crescent, a social service organization. When the studies in the field of disaster nursing in Turkey are examined, it is noteworthy that the nurses do not consider themselves sufficient in responding to disa sters and they need training in disaster nursing. It is important to create a standardized, common framework and core curriculum at the undergraduate level in order to meet the training need in question and to accelerate the development process of disaster nursing in Turkey.
Naturally originating events such as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes and human-induced events such as wars and industrial accidents can lead to very serious emergencies and disasters; can change natural living conditions. It is important that nurses have special knowledge and skills about "disaster nursing" in order to provide emergency response in case of disaster and to maintain health services in changi ng living condi- tions due to disasters. In this article, the situation of disaster nursing, which has started to attract more attention with the spread of disasters around the world, is discussed in Turkey; It is aimed to present the literature about the educational opportunities, scientific researches and the duties and responsibilities of nurses in disaster situations. Disaster nursing is still in the development stage in Turkey. By completing the specialization process, it could not become a separate branch like other branches of nursing. In Turkey, ther e are courses related to disasters in the curricula of undergraduate nursing programs. However, no standardization has been established regarding the scope of these courses. There is a very limited regulation on the duties and responsibilities in case of disaster in the laws determining the powers of nurses in Turkey. In the event of a disaster, nurses can provide health services in the health institutions they are assigned to, as volunteer members of search and rescue organizations or within the body of the Red Crescent, a social service organization. When the studies in the field of disaster nursing in Turkey are examined, it is noteworthy that the nurses do not consider themselves sufficient in responding to disa sters and they need training in disaster nursing. It is important to create a standardized, common framework and core curriculum at the undergraduate level in order to meet the training need in question and to accelerate the development process of disaster nursing in Turkey.
Description
Keywords
Acil durum, Afet, Afet hemşireliği, Hemşirelik, Emergency, Disaster, Disaster nursing, Nursing
Citation
Şimşek, P. ve Gündüz, A. (2021). "Türkiye’de afet hemşireliği". Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 47(3), 469-476.