2013 Cilt 6 Sayı 1

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11452/4316

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Two different poverty reduction approaches: Neoliberal market based microfinance versus social rights defender basic income
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2013) Davutoğlu, Ayten
Particularly for the last two decades along with the pivotal role of World Bank, microfinance has become one of the most popular poverty reduction strategies. There is a huge literature including empirical and theoretical studies on its efficiency and success on poverty alleviation. Despite this worldwide popularity, in a growing number of recent studies microfinance has been subjected to severe criticisms in that it has almost no success in solving inequality and redistribution problems deeply rooted in poverty. It has been accused of transforming the poor into the entrepreneur-client, being a poverty trap for the poor, reproducing the poverty cycle recursively and most crucially serving for neoliberalism. The first part of this study is allotted to these criticisms on microfinance policies. The main cause for poverty is lack of sustainable income. To generate this income for the poor to get out of poverty, there is one other alternative that has started to gain more interest in poverty reduction circle namely basic income. Basic income departs significantly from the microfinance model in that it is an income-generation suggestion based on the premise that the fight against poverty should be carried out within the context of social rights and inequality. This paper also aims to focus on the alternative paradigm of basic income poverty reduction by making a brief comparison between microfinance and basic income favoring the latter over the former.
In the name of modernity: Smoking away health, wealth, and womanhood in gecekondu
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2013) Yüksel, Hülya; Tajik, Mansoureh
We explore factors that affect smoking behavior and perception of women who have lived in gecekondu ("built-over-night") neighborhoods. We conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with a convenience sample fifty (50) women who were married, smoked, lived in gecekondu neighborhoods in Yukseltepe near Ankara, from 2007 to 2008. Women were ages 20 to 60 years and had lived in gecekondu for at least 15 years. Data were analyzed using content analysis techniques and open coding followed by axial coding. Multiple themes emerged that were coded and classified. We highlight four classes of "smoking as an affective response, "social ties as safeguard, " "social isolation as risk," and "media influence" themes and discuss their influence on gecekondu women's smoking behavior. We conclude that effective health promotion programs to address smoking among these women must be rooted in socio-ecological principles have dimensions that go well beyond individual-based behavior change interventions.
Women’s offending: Trends, issues and theoretical explanations
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2013) Liddell, Margaret; Martinovic, Marietta
Women are being incarcerated in increasing numbers in Western countries, predominately for minor offences such as drug and property offences. Offending patterns of women relate to property, fraud, theft, deception, minor assaults and drug related crime. There is also a strong link between women’s socio-economic status, illicit drug (and alcohol) use. In addition a perception exists that women are becoming more violent as a result of being violently abused by others in the past. Early feminist theorists believed that the increase in women’s crime was related to women’s equality and liberation. If this is the case can we blame this increase on feminist theory and the increased equality of women? Or is the explanation more complex? This paper contends that it is not possible to consider the current trends in women’s offending in a vacuum - there needs to be theoretical explanations about what is happening. If we can’t explain why women offend, the logic (and thus success) of what we do may be accidental and haphazard rather than clearly planned.
Sudanese "Lost Boys" and their interactions with the criminal justice system in Queensland Australia
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2013) Dawes, Glenn
This paper examines the challenges faced by Sudanese youth who have had interactions with the criminal justice system in Queensland Australia. The majority of youth who took part in the study identified themselves as "Lost Boys" which is the name given to the groups of over 20,000 boys of the Nuer and Dinka ethnic groups who were displaced and/or orphaned during the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005).
From Arab Spring to Chinese Winter: Political communication
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2013) Serdar, Sertaç; İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi; Kamu Yönetimi Bölümü
It was precived as a spring to Arabian World, political protests that relevant to democratization which has started in North Africa in early days of 2011. As well as some commentators called it victory of democracy, some others thought success of capitalizm. Facebook as well Twitter, ocurred as communicator for Arab Spring, moreover as reason why this social movement came out. Some says the internet proved itself in North Africa as a new way of political communication. This is not the only one thing to disappoint hopeful ones in early months of 2011 that The Spring could not reach goals till today also the objection to being new era and primary role of the internet. China is the main reason for this objection to assumption that the net is new democratization instrument. 34 percent of one and half billion people, it means 458 thousand, are internet user in China. It might be expectable to see some cues for democratizing China if the internet has had features related with democracy and capitalizm. In this article, the internet as a new media, will query the importance for political communication basis on Arab Spring and the situation in China.
Pin money of the day: Home-based women workers at Gazi Mahallesi
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2013) Alikoç, Fulya
This study analyses the ways in which women who produce commodities at home are subjected both to patriarchal operations in society, and to labor exploitation in capitalist relations of production. It also argues that the main characteristic of today’s industrial home-based work (HBW), with its increasing importance in the global structure of production, relies upon the spatial and temporal unity of women’s domestic and productive labor. In this manner, HBW, as one of new spheres of production developed by contemporary capitalism, opens a new continent for rethinking the theories concerning women’s subordination as based on the separation of home and workplace. On the other hand, the notion of working-day, which constitutes the spatial and temporal unity of their productive and reproductive labor, plays a key role not only for understanding the double nature of their subordination in terms both of gender and class, but also for developing an adequate struggle for their emancipation. In that sense, the study proposes a new conceptualization, the gendered working-day based on a qualitative analysis of the data obtained from a fieldwork conducted in Gazi Mahallesi, Turkey, in December 2012.
Exploring the impact of foreign direct investment accumulation on national innovation capability and the mediating role of human development level
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2013) Türen, Ufuk; Dilek, Hakan; Gökmen, Yunus
In this study, we scrutinize the effect of inward Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Human Development Level (HDL) on National Innovation Capability (NIC). Data from 123 countries are employed for multivariate statistical analyses. We find that both FDI accumulation and HDL significantly and positively influence NIC, and HDL has a mediating effect between FDI accumulation and NIC. Mediating role of HDL vanishes when we divide the data into four HDL groups which are suggested by UNDP. In very high human developed group FDI accumulation and HDL both have a positive and significant effect on NIC. In high human developed group only HDL has a positive and significant effect on NIC while NIC is insensitive to FDI accumulation. In medium human developed and low human developed groups we see that NIC is insensitive to both FDI accumulation and HDL.
Globalization and the bhopal disaster: A criminogenic inquiry
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2013) Izarali, M. Raymond
Globalization has had progress and despairs, and has also opened the door to heated debates. The trend has been to globalize property rights. With this comes the sense that duties to civil society in the way of harm prevention, justice, and protection of the natural environment are easily side-stepped. The Bhopal Disaster of 1984 remains the world’s worst industrial disaster and worth revisiting so as to understand the culture of corporate behavior in disclaiming and side-stepping certain vital social responsibilities. This paper revisits the Bhopal Disaster and highlights elements that ought to keep us vigilant about the path globalization takes.

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