Person: KARAER, FEZA
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KARAER
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FEZA
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Publication Determination of the trophic state of lake Uluabat (Bursa-Turkey)(Foundation Environmental Protection & Research-fepr, 2015-01-01) Katip, Aslıhan; İleri, Saadet; Karaer, Feza; Onur, Sonay; KATİP, ASLIHAN; İleri, Saadet; KARAER, FEZA; Onur, Sonay; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi/Çevre Bölümü; 0000-0001-5969-4180; AAH-3984-2021; KGL-1554-2024; FDU-0542-2022; FTS-9841-2022Eutrophication has become a widespread matter of concern during the last 50 years. Because of the relationship between biotic and abiotic factors, the determination of the trophic level of lakes is important. In this study, the trophic level of Lake Uluabat was determined using different trophic states indices (TSISD, TSICHL, TSITp, and TSITN) in 8 stations between May-2008 and May-2009. As a result, the indices were above the eutrophic level during the year. With regard to the seasonal variations of the indices, the highest values were in the summer and autumn (hypertrophic), while the lowest values were in the spring and winter seasons (hypertrophic-eutrophic). It was seen that in addition to nitrogen and phosphorus, temperature affected the growth of algae in the summer. For this reason, Chl-a (maximum 43.87 mg/m(3)) and alkalinity (maximum 282.85 mg/L) concentrations raised, and the dissolved oxygen (minimum 5.08 mg/L) concentrations decreased in the summer. It was observed that the diversity of the aquaculture species (fish and algae) decreased and the species having low economic value were dominant with an increase of the eutrophication level. According to the ratio between the nitrogen and phosphorus and a significant statistical correlation between nitrogen forms and chl-a, the algae species were co-limited by nitrogen with phosphorus the whole year and might be species that were each limited by different nutrients. The high diversity of species in the Lake, discharging of untreated domestic wastewater and chemical fertilizer usage were determined as the reasons of the co-limitation of the nitrogen with phosphorus. Also according to the trophic level and concentration values, Lake Uluabat exceeded the limit for potable water and water-oriented recreation.Publication Spatial and temporal changes in water quality parameters of a shallow lake(Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, 2015-10-01) Karaer, Feza; Katip, Aslıhan; İleri, Saadet; Sarmaşık, Sonay; Aksoy, Ertuğrul; Öztürk, Cihat; KARAER, FEZA; KATİP, ASLIHAN; İleri, Saadet; Sarmaşık, Sonay; AKSOY, ERTUĞRUL; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi/Çevre Mühendisliği Bölümü.; Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/Toprak Bölümü.; 0000-0001-5969-4180; AAH-2993-2021; AAH-3984-2021; KGL-1554-2024; FDU-0542-2022; DQX-6698-2022This article presents the result of investigation on the spatial and temporal changes in water quality of Uluabat Lake. It examines the relationship between water and sediment quality parameters, and assesses the factors affecting eutrophication. Water and sediment quality are examined at 8 stations in the lake between May 2008, and May 2009. Water and sediment quality parameters measured are T, pH, EC, SD, NH4-N, NO3-N, TN, PO4-P, TP. Also DO, alkalinity, hardness, SS, BOD, COD, Chl-a parameters in water and organic matter content in sediment are measured. SS, Chl-a, TP concentrations showed their maximum value in the summer (122.75 mg L-1, 43.87 mg m(-3) and 0.48 mg L-1 respectively), and their minimum value during winter (12 mg L-1, 6.80 mg m(-3), 0.076 mg L-1 respectively). TN indicated a maximum concentration in summer (23.23 mg L-1) and a minimum during spring (3.89 mg L-1). This study reveals the importance of relationships between temperature DO and nutrients in water. Effect of pH, relation of temperature, conductivity with all nutrients in the sediment, and the differences between the seasons are designated as statistically significant. Water pollution has measured extremely high in station 8 according to Chl-a, BOD and COD parameters, and station 1 indicates the same situation with respect to nitrogen parameters. The results revealed the importance and the need for strict control of point and non-point pollution loads for the preservation of the Uluabat Lake's water quality. Compliance requirements should be set up for activities that could adversely affect water quality.Publication Land use preferences considering resource economics: Case of organic versus conventional wheat production in Turkey(Springer, 2022-01-12) UZEL, GÖKHAN; Gürlük, Serkan; GÜRLÜK, SERKAN; Aslak, Esma; Karaer, Feza; KARAER, FEZA; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Ziraat Fakültesi/.; Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi/Mühendislik Fakültesi/Çevre Mühendisliği Bölümü.; 0000-0002-3159-1769; N-8716-2017; AAG-8213-2021; AAG-8099-2021The organic agricultural production system is considered to be the best alternative to the conventional system in order to solve agricultural externality problems. The adoption of such systems provide environmental, social, and financial benefits to the related communities. The related community may receive economic benefits although they might not recognize those benefits. The current paper examines prospective organic wheat production's positive impacts on Turkish economy. This research seeks to find the optimal cultivated land requirement to be allocated for organic wheat production, and contributes to the available literature by measuring environmental and social effects using the proxy values of regular wheat production in the country. Results dictate that the social optimum amount of conventional wheat production must be 1.3 million hectares. If the annual negative externality of wheat production, which is 227.5 USD/ha, is taken into account, the total annual external cost would be 1,416,061,536 USD/year. The importance of conversion and superiority of organic farming are stressed in the literature only at the micro-level or farm-level rather than the macroeconomic level. Macroeconomic results examined in the current paper complete micro-level studies in the context of agricultural externalities. The study indicates that macroeconomic efficiency of organic production is higher than the conventional system. However, it is suggested that a mild transition path be implemented for better land conversion in developing countries such as Turkey. The system of good agricultural practices may have some advantages for this path.