The effect of various parameters on electrochemical removal of ampicillin with Sn/Sb/Ni-Ti anodes

Abstract

In this study, it was investigated the applicability of Sn/Sb/Ni-Ti anodes for electrochemical oxidation of ampicillin in aqueous solutions. Potassium chloride, which is one of the salt types were used as electrolyte, affected the removal efficiencies more positively than sodium chloride. Complete removals of ampicillin and chemical oxygen demand were occured after 5 ve 60 min, respectively with potassium chloride addition; while it was necessary after 5 ve 90 min, respectively with sodium chloride addition. The current density value was found to be 50 mA cm-2, which provides the highest removal efficiencies over 90 minute reaction. In addition, it was seen that it is possible to operate the electrochemical oxidation process more economically, when it was studied at the natural pH value of the aqueous antibiotic solution. According to the results of this study, electrochemical oxidation process with Sn/Sb/Ni-Ti anodes for the degradation of ampicillin is considered quite promising for future applications in terms of less reaction time, full mineralization and no need for an extra pH adjustment step.