Importance of β-app, adam9, 10, 17 in alzheimer disease: Preliminary autopsy study with immunohistochemical expression in human brain

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is encountered as an important health problem. It was exposed that in the pathophysiology of AD, formation, and aggregation of amyloid beta from amyloid precursor protein (APP), was restrained by a-secretase group, ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) enzymes. From this perspective, ADAM group of enzymes can be presumably used in the future both as a diagnostic marker, and potential treatment modality. In our study, 9 cases with or without AD in different age groups with various causes of death who were autopsied in the Bursa Morgue Department of the Council of Forensic Medicine of Turkey were included in the study. Tissue samples harvested from temporal regions of the brains of the cases were immunohistochemically stained with beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP), ADAM9, ADAM10, and ADAM17. The specimens were evaluated as for distribution, and intensity of staining. The lowest mean distribution score of immunohistochemical staining (2.44) was detected for beta-APP, and ADAM 9, while it was 3 for ADAM10. The highest distribution score (3.11) belonged to ADAM17. Our aim was to analyze histochemically cerebral beta-APP and ADAM9, ADAM10, ADAM17 expressions in cases with and without a clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Based on their staining patterns, we revealed their characteristic features, compared our study results with those of the scarce number of studies in the literature, and despite our limited number of cases, we intended to contribute to the future studies.