Determination the effect of CSN1S1, CSN3 and AGPAT6 genes and lactation rank on physicochemical properties of goat milk

Abstract

The physiochemical properties of milk are important factors in terms of the process of dairy production, quality, and profitability. However, the knowledge about the effect of genetic factors such as CSN1S1, CSN3, and AGPAT6 genes on these traits is insufficient. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of these genes and lactation rank (LR) on total acidity, citric acid, density (density), free fatty acid (FFA), freezing point degree (FPD) and urea parameters. A total of fifty (n=50) Saanen goats, which is known as the highest milk-producing breed within the goats were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. For genetic analysis, the blood samples were taken from the jugular vein by aseptic conditions. The DNA isolations were performed by the phenol-chloroform method from blood samples. Milk samples were collected during the lactation and evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for the physicochemical properties of Saanen goat milk. The statistical analysis was carried out using the least-squares of the GLM procedures. The results indicated that no significant differences were confirmed between the investigated genes with the physicochemical properties of goat milk. However, the effect of the AGPAT6 gene on density and the effect of LR on citric acid composition was found tended to be significant. Moreover, we determined the significant correlations between the physicochemical properties in the present study. According to the results, acidity was correlated with the citric acid (-0.304), density (0.641), FFA (-0.332) significantly. Other significant correlations were observed between the citric acid and FPD (0.275), LR (-0.313); the density and FFA (-0.315), FPD (0.436); the urea and LR (-0.369). These results and novel correlations may be useful for future studies on evaluating the potential impact of AGPAT6 gene on these traits to achieve breeding and commercial goals in the goat production and dairy industry.