İdiyopatik presenil kataraktı olan olgularda korneanın yüzey özellikleri: Korneal topografik ve aberrometrik ölçümlerin aynı yaş grubu sağlıklı olgularla retrospektif olarak karşılaştırılması
Date
2024
Authors
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Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Amaç: İdiyopatik presenil kataraktı olan olgularda korneanın ön ve arka yüzey özelliklerinin korneal topografik ve aberrometrik ölçümler ile değerlendirilmesi ve aynı yaş grubundaki sağlıklı olgular ile karşılaştırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Aralık 2019 – Kasım 2023 tarihleri arasında Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Göz Hastalıkları polikliniğine başvuran ve presenil (19-45 yaş aralığı) katarakt tanısı alan hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Katarakt ile birlikte herhangi bir oküler ve sistemik hastalığı olan, düzenli ilaç, sigara veya alkol kullanım öyküsü olan hastalar çalışmaya dahil edilmedi. Tüm hastalara görme keskinliği, refraksiyon, ön ve arka segmentin değerlendirilmesini içeren tam bir oftalmolojik muayene yapıldı. Hastaların korneal yüzey özellikleri ve korneal aberrometrileri Sirius Topografi Cihazı (CSO, İtalya) ile değerlendirildi. Elde edilen veriler aynı yaş grubundaki sağlıklı gözlerdeki ölçümler ile istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: İdiyopatik presenil katarakt tanılı 19 hastanın 30 gözü (%50,0) ve 19 sağlıklı bireyin 30 gözü (%50,0) olmak üzere toplamda 60 göz çalışmaya dahil edildi. İki grup arasında yaş ve cinsiyet dağılımı istatistiksel olarak benzerdi (p>0,05). Hasta grubunda 19 gözde (63,3%) arka subkapsüler katarakt (ASK), 5 gözde (16,7%) nükleer katarakat (NK) ve 6 gözde (20%) kortikonükleer katarakt (KNK) saptandı. Korneal ön yüzeyde maksimum keratometri, keratometrik astigmatizma ve elevasyon değerleri; arka yüzeyde maksimum keratometri ve elevasyon değerleri hasta grubunda sağlıklı gruba göre daha yüksek bulundu (p<0,05). Korneal aberrometri analizinde ise yüksek sıralı aberasyon, koma, astigmatizma ve pentafoil, hasta grubunda sağlıklı gruba göre daha yüksek bulundu (p<0,05). Grupların kendi içinde yapılan korelasyon analizinde; hasta grubunda yaş ile Z(4,2) astigmatizma II, Z(5,5) pentafoil, aksiyel uzunluk arasında pozitif korelasyon; anterior 3 mm’de dik K, anterior 3 mm’de ortalama K, negatif korelasyon gösterdi. Aksiyel uzunluk ile ise, Z(5,3) trefoil II, Z(5,5) pentafoil arasında pozitif korelasyon, anterior 3 mm’de dik K, anterior 3 mm’de ortalama K arasında negatif korelasyon görüldü. Kontrol grubunda yaş ile sadece Z(4,0) Sferik aberasyon negatif korelasyon göstermiştir. Aksiyel uzunluk ile ise posterior 3 mm zonda düz K ile pozitif, 5 mm zonda total aberasyon, yüksek sıralı aberasyon, Z(2,2) astigmatizma, residual aberasyon Z(3,3) trefoil, anterior 3 mm zonda dik K, anterior 3 mm zonda ortalama K, ön elevasyon ile negatif korelasyon gösterdi. Sonuç: İdiyopatik presenil kataraktlı olguların, aynı yaş sağlıklı bireyler ile karşılaştırıldığında kornea ön yüzeyinin daha dik; ön ve arka elevasyonlarının, korneal yüksek sıralı aberasyonlarının daha fazla olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. İdiyopatik presenil kataraktı olan olgularda görülen korneal yüzey değişikliklerinin ameliyat öncesi hasta değerlendirilmesinde akılda tutulmasının faydalı olacağı kanısındayız.
Objective: It is aimed to evaluate the anterior and posterior surface features of the cornea in cases with idiopathic presenile cataract by corneal topographic and aberrometric measurements and to compare them with healthy cases of the same age. Materials and Methods: Patients who applied to Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine Ophthalmology outpatient clinic between December 2019 and November 2023 and were diagnosed with presenile (19- 45 age range) cataract were included in the study. Patients with any ocular or systemic disease along with cataracts, or with a history of regular drug, smoking or alcohol use were not included in the study. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmological examination, including evaluation of visual acuity, refraction, and anterior and posterior segments. The corneal surface features and corneal aberrometry of the patients were evaluated with the Sirius Topography Device (CSO, Italy). The data obtained were statistically compared with measurements in healthy eyes of the same age. Results: A total of 60 eyes, 30 eyes (50.0%) of 19 patients diagnosed with idiopathic presenile cataract and 30 eyes (50.0%) of 19 healthy individuals, were included in the study. Age and gender distribution were statistically similar between the two groups (p>0.05). In the patient group, posterior subcapsular cataract was detected in 19 eyes (63.3%), nuclear cataract in 5 eyes (16.7%) and corticonuclear cataract in 6 eyes (20%). Maximum keratometry, keratometric astigmatism and elevation values on the anterior corneal surface; Maximum keratometry and elevation values on the posterior surface were found to be higher in the patient group than in the healthy group (p<0.05). In corneal aberrometry analysis, high-order aberration, coma, astigmatism and pentafoil were found to be higher in the patient group than in the healthy group (p<0.05). In the correlation analysis performed within the groups, a positive correlation was found between age and Z(4.2) astigmatism II, Z(5.5) pentafoil and axial length in the patient group; Vertical K in the anterior 3 mm and mean K in the anterior 3 mm showed a negative correlation. With axial length, a positive correlation was observed between Z(5,3) trefoil II and Z(5,5) pentafoil, and a negative correlation was observed between vertical K in the anterior 3 mm and average K in the anterior 3 mm. In the control group, only Z(4,0) Spherical aberration showed a negative correlation with age. In terms of axial length, positive with straight K in the posterior 3 mm zone, total aberration, high order aberration, Z(2,2) astigmatism, residual aberration Z(3,3) trefoil in the anterior 3 mm zone, steep K in the anterior 3 mm zone, anterior 3 Mean K in the mm zone was negatively correlated with anterior elevation. Conclusion: In cases with idiopathic presenile cataract, the front surface of the cornea is steeper compared to healthy individuals of the same age; It has been observed that anterior and posterior elevations and corneal higher order aberrations are higher. We believe that it would be useful to keep in mind the corneal surface changes seen in cases with idiopathic presenile cataract in the preoperative patient evaluation.
Objective: It is aimed to evaluate the anterior and posterior surface features of the cornea in cases with idiopathic presenile cataract by corneal topographic and aberrometric measurements and to compare them with healthy cases of the same age. Materials and Methods: Patients who applied to Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine Ophthalmology outpatient clinic between December 2019 and November 2023 and were diagnosed with presenile (19- 45 age range) cataract were included in the study. Patients with any ocular or systemic disease along with cataracts, or with a history of regular drug, smoking or alcohol use were not included in the study. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmological examination, including evaluation of visual acuity, refraction, and anterior and posterior segments. The corneal surface features and corneal aberrometry of the patients were evaluated with the Sirius Topography Device (CSO, Italy). The data obtained were statistically compared with measurements in healthy eyes of the same age. Results: A total of 60 eyes, 30 eyes (50.0%) of 19 patients diagnosed with idiopathic presenile cataract and 30 eyes (50.0%) of 19 healthy individuals, were included in the study. Age and gender distribution were statistically similar between the two groups (p>0.05). In the patient group, posterior subcapsular cataract was detected in 19 eyes (63.3%), nuclear cataract in 5 eyes (16.7%) and corticonuclear cataract in 6 eyes (20%). Maximum keratometry, keratometric astigmatism and elevation values on the anterior corneal surface; Maximum keratometry and elevation values on the posterior surface were found to be higher in the patient group than in the healthy group (p<0.05). In corneal aberrometry analysis, high-order aberration, coma, astigmatism and pentafoil were found to be higher in the patient group than in the healthy group (p<0.05). In the correlation analysis performed within the groups, a positive correlation was found between age and Z(4.2) astigmatism II, Z(5.5) pentafoil and axial length in the patient group; Vertical K in the anterior 3 mm and mean K in the anterior 3 mm showed a negative correlation. With axial length, a positive correlation was observed between Z(5,3) trefoil II and Z(5,5) pentafoil, and a negative correlation was observed between vertical K in the anterior 3 mm and average K in the anterior 3 mm. In the control group, only Z(4,0) Spherical aberration showed a negative correlation with age. In terms of axial length, positive with straight K in the posterior 3 mm zone, total aberration, high order aberration, Z(2,2) astigmatism, residual aberration Z(3,3) trefoil in the anterior 3 mm zone, steep K in the anterior 3 mm zone, anterior 3 Mean K in the mm zone was negatively correlated with anterior elevation. Conclusion: In cases with idiopathic presenile cataract, the front surface of the cornea is steeper compared to healthy individuals of the same age; It has been observed that anterior and posterior elevations and corneal higher order aberrations are higher. We believe that it would be useful to keep in mind the corneal surface changes seen in cases with idiopathic presenile cataract in the preoperative patient evaluation.
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Keywords
Presenil katarakt, Korneal topografi, Aberrometri, İdiyopatik katarakt, Idiopathic cataract, Presenile cataract, Corneal topography, Aberrometry.