Arap dilinde i‘râb olgusu
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Date
2018-11-21
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Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu makalede Arap dilinde i‘râb olgusu ele alınmıştır. Bu kapsamda konuyla ilgili temel kavramlardan olan i‘râb, binâ, mu‘rab ve mebnînin tanımı yapılmıştır. İ‘râbın mahiyeti hususunda farklı iki ekol temsilcileri tarafından öne sürülen görüşlere yer verildikten sonra i‘râbın özgünlüğü, faydaları, çeşitleri ve göstergeleri açıklanmıştır. Bu bağlamda i‘râbla ilgi çeşitli konular, soru-cevap şeklinde işlenmiştir. Ayrıca i‘râbNahiv, i‘râb-Sarf ve i‘râb-alfabe ilişkilerine dikkat çekilmiştir. Arapçanın da mensup olduğu Sami dil ailesine ait yazılarda sesli harflerin çoğu ile yardımcı fiillerin bulunmayışı, Arap dilinde i‘râb ve isnat sistemlerinin üretilmesine neden olduğunu belirtilmiştir. Buna karşılık Hint-Avrupa dil ailesine mensup dillerde varlık (to be) fiillinin bulunduğu ve söz konusu dillerin çoğunda kullanılan Latin alfabesinde sesli harflerin büyük bir kısmının mevcut olduğundan, isnat ve i‘râb gibi sistemlerin kullanılmasına gerek duyulmadığına dikkat çekilmiştir.
In this article the phenomenon of i‘râb in Arabic language is discussed. In this context the concepts associated with the subject such i‘râb, binâ, mu‘rab, and mebnî are investigated. After the opinions put forward by the representatives of the two different schools on the nature of the i‘râb are included, the specificity, benefits, types and indicators of the i‘râb are explained. In this context, some subjects that relate to the i‘râb, are investigated in the form of questions-answers. In addition, the relations between i‘râb-Nahw, i‘râb-Sarf and i‘râb-alphabet are highlighted. It has been pointed out that Arabic language has i‘râb and isnâd systems because most of the vowel letters and the verb of existence (to be) are not found in the writings of the Sami language family, of which the Arabic is also a member. On the other hand, it has been mentioned that Indo-European language family does not have isnâd and i‘râb systems, since the verb of existence (to be) are found in languages belonging to this family and most of the vowel letters are found in the Latin alphabet that used in the majority of these tongues too.
In this article the phenomenon of i‘râb in Arabic language is discussed. In this context the concepts associated with the subject such i‘râb, binâ, mu‘rab, and mebnî are investigated. After the opinions put forward by the representatives of the two different schools on the nature of the i‘râb are included, the specificity, benefits, types and indicators of the i‘râb are explained. In this context, some subjects that relate to the i‘râb, are investigated in the form of questions-answers. In addition, the relations between i‘râb-Nahw, i‘râb-Sarf and i‘râb-alphabet are highlighted. It has been pointed out that Arabic language has i‘râb and isnâd systems because most of the vowel letters and the verb of existence (to be) are not found in the writings of the Sami language family, of which the Arabic is also a member. On the other hand, it has been mentioned that Indo-European language family does not have isnâd and i‘râb systems, since the verb of existence (to be) are found in languages belonging to this family and most of the vowel letters are found in the Latin alphabet that used in the majority of these tongues too.
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Keywords
Arap dili, İ‘râb, Arabic language, I‘râb
Citation
Özalp, M. S: (2019). "Arap dilinde i‘râb olgusu". Uludağ Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(1), 197-228.