Çerezlik ayçiçeği çeşitlerinde (H. annuus L.) ekim zamanı ve bitki sıklığının verim ve kalite özellikleri üzerine etkisi
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Date
2006
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Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu araştırma Bursa yöresinin kuru koşullarında çerezlik ayçiçeği için en uygun ekim zamanı ve bitkisıklığını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada üç ekim zamanı (Mart, Nisan ve Mayıs), üç çerezlikayçiçeği çeşidi (Alaca, Kıbrıs ve İsrail) ve dört bitki sıklığı (65x15, 65x30, 65x45, 65x60 cm) ile birliktedenenmiştir. Üç yıllık araştırma sonuçlarına göre, geciken ekimlerle tohum verimi ve verim komponentleriönemli düzeyde azalmıştır. En yüksek tohum verimi Mart ekiminden (188.5 kg/da) elde edilmiş ve bunu sırasıylaNisan (172.5 kg/da) ve Mayıs (162.1 kg/da) ekimleri izlemiştir. Hektolitre ağırlığı da ekim zamanı geciktikçeönemli düzeyde azalmıştır.Bitki sıklığı fenolojik özellikleri önemli düzeyde etkilememiş fakat verim ve verim komponentleri ilekalite özellikleri üzerine etkisi önemli bulunmuştur. Bitki populasyonu arttıkça tabla çapı, tek tabla verimi, tablabaşına tohum sayısı, iri tohum oranı, protein oranı ve 1000 tane ağırlığı azalırken, tane verimi, bitki boyu vehektolitre ağırlığı artmıştır.Sonuç olarak, Bursa bölgesinde çerezlik ayçiçeğinde, en uygun ekim zamanının Mart ayı ve en uygunbitki sıklığının ise 25640 bitki/ha (65x60 cm) olduğu saptanmıştır.
This research was carried out to determine the most suitable planting date and plant population in theconfectionery sunflower under dryland conditions in Bursa region. Three planting dates ( March, April, May )were established with three confectionery varieties ( Alaca, Kıbrıs and İsrail ) at four plant populations ( 65x15,65x30, 65x45, 65x60 ).According to the three-year results of the experiment, seed yield and yield components decreasedsignificantly with delayed plantings. The highest seed yield was obtained from March planting date (1885 kg ha-1) , followed by April ( 1725 kg ha-1 ) and May ( 1621 kg ha-1 ) plantings, respectively. Also, the qualitycharacteristics such as test weight significantly decreased as planting date was delayed.The plant population did not significantly affect the phenological characteristics but their effects on theseed yield, yield components and quality characteristics were found as significiant. As plant populationincreased, head diameter, 1000 seed weight, protein percentage, seed weight per head, seed number per head andlarge seed percentage decreased, but seed yield, plant height and test weight increased.As a results, it was determined that the most suitable planting date was March and the plant population25640 plant/ha (65x60), under dryland conditions in Bursa region.
This research was carried out to determine the most suitable planting date and plant population in theconfectionery sunflower under dryland conditions in Bursa region. Three planting dates ( March, April, May )were established with three confectionery varieties ( Alaca, Kıbrıs and İsrail ) at four plant populations ( 65x15,65x30, 65x45, 65x60 ).According to the three-year results of the experiment, seed yield and yield components decreasedsignificantly with delayed plantings. The highest seed yield was obtained from March planting date (1885 kg ha-1) , followed by April ( 1725 kg ha-1 ) and May ( 1621 kg ha-1 ) plantings, respectively. Also, the qualitycharacteristics such as test weight significantly decreased as planting date was delayed.The plant population did not significantly affect the phenological characteristics but their effects on theseed yield, yield components and quality characteristics were found as significiant. As plant populationincreased, head diameter, 1000 seed weight, protein percentage, seed weight per head, seed number per head andlarge seed percentage decreased, but seed yield, plant height and test weight increased.As a results, it was determined that the most suitable planting date was March and the plant population25640 plant/ha (65x60), under dryland conditions in Bursa region.
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Keywords
Çerezlik ayçiçeği, Ekim zamanı, Bitki sıklığı, Verim, Kalite, Confectionery sunflower, Planting date, Plant population, Yield, Quality
Citation
Akkaya, İ. (2006). Çerezlik ayçiçeği çeşitlerinde (H. annuus L.) ekim zamanı ve bitki sıklığının verim ve kalite özellikleri üzerine etkisi. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.