Türkiye'de diz osteoartriti total diz protezinin tarihi
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Date
2012
Authors
Şahin, Namık
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Osteoartrit, kas iskelet sisteminde ağrı ve fiziksel yetersizlik gibi yakınmalara yol açan ve giderek toplumda daha fazla görülen, eklem kıkırdağının kaybı ile karakterize kronik ve ilerleyici dejeneratif bir hastalıktır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye'de diz osteoartritinde tarihsel olarak uygulanan tedavi yöntemlerinin incelenmesi ve total diz protezi uygulamalarının ülkemizde nasıl başladığının ortaya koyulması amaçlanmıştır.Çalışmada konuyla ilgili hem birincil hem de ikincil kaynaklara ulaşabilmek amacıyla Bursa, İstanbul ve Ankara'daki belli başlı kütüphaneler taranmıştır. İlgili kütüphanelerde tarama yapılırken anahtar kelime olarak `'eklem, mafsal, diz, kemik, ağrı, osteoartrit, kireçlenme, romatizma, nikris, gut, azm, veca-i izam, evca-ı kasire, veca-ı mefasıl,'' kelimeleri kullanılmıştır. Yirminci yüz yılın ikinci yarısından itibaren diz osteoartritinde uygulanan tedavi yöntemlerini, total diz protezinin ülkemizdeki ilk uygulamalarını ve seyrini açıklığa kavuşturabilmek için, bu konuda ülkemizde öncülük yapmış ve görüşme talebine olumlu yanıt veren hekimlerle (Prof. Dr. İlker Çetin, Prof. Dr. Şahap Atik, Prof. Dr. Mahmut Nedim Doral, Prof. Dr. Veli Lök, Prof. Dr. Mehmet Çakmak, Prof. Dr. Macit Uzel, Prof. Dr. İ. Remzi Tözün, Op. Dr. Orhan Girgin, Prof. Dr. Kut Sarpyener, Prof. Dr. Nejat Güney, Prof. Dr. Ömer Faruk Bilgen) yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılmış ve bunlar yazılı hale dönüştürülmüştür.Diz osteoartriti ve diz protezinin Türkiye'deki tarihini ortaya koyabilmek amacıyla yapılan bu çalışma, ülkemizde diz osteoartriti hastalığının ayrıntılı olarak 20. yy ortalarında anlaşılmaya başlandığını ve bunun devamında hastalığa yönelik tedavi arayışlarının ortaya çıktığını göstermiştir. Başlangıçta ağırlıklı olarak konservatif yöntemlerin uygulandığı, çeşitli ilaç ve enjeksiyonlarla hastalığın neden olduğu ağrının ortadan kaldırılmaya çalışıldığı görülmüştür. İlerlemiş olgularda ise açık eklem debritmanı, eklem artrodezi, yüksek tibial osteotomi ile başlayan cerrahi uygulamalar, artroskopinin ülkemize gelişiyle birlikte artroskopik lavajların da bu uygulamalara eklenmesiyle geniş bir yelpaze oluşturmuştur. 1970'li yılların başlarında ilerlemiş diz osteoartriti olgularında menteşeli diz eklem protezleri çeşitli merkezlerde az sayıda uygulanmış, sonuçların tatminkar olmaması nedeniyle yaygınlaşamamıştır. Modern anlamda kabul ettiğimiz kondiler tipte diz protezleri ise 1987 yılı sonları ile 1988 yılı başlarında çeşitli merkezlerde eş zamanlı olarak uygulanmaya başlamış ve hızla gelişip yaygınlaşarak günümüzdeki düzeyine ulaşmıştırOndokuzuncu yüzyılın ortalarına kadar belkide Ülkemizdeki diğer önemli sağlık sorunlarının yaygın oluşu nedeniyle hekimlerin çok ilgisini çekmeyen diz osteoartriti, ancak bu dönemden itibaren daha iyi anlaşılmış ve çeşitli tedavi yolları uygulanmaya başlamıştır. Dünya ile yakın bir zaman aralığında ilerlemiş diz osteoartritinin tedavisinde uygulanmaya başlayan total diz protezleri hızla yaygınlaşmış ve günümüzdeki başarılı uygulamalara ulaşmıştır.
Osteoarthritis, which is a chronic and progressively degenerative disease starting with complaints of pain in the musculoskeletal system and physical inadequacy and is characterised by loss of joint cartilage, is being increasingly seen in society. This study aimed to examine treatment methods which have been used historically in Turkey for knee osteoarthritis and how the implementation of total knee replacements began.To reach both primary and secondary sources for this study, the main libraries in Bursa, Istanbul and Ankara were scanned. For the research in the libraries the following key words in both modern Turkish and Ottoman origin were used: joint, knee, bone, pain, excessive pain, osteoarthritis, calcinosis, rheumatism, gout. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with the pioneers of the first applications of total knee prosthesis in our country and their statements were recorded to explain the progress of the treatment methods applied for knee osteoarthritis from the second half of the twentieth century. The physicians who complied with our request were Prof. Dr. İlker Çetin, Prof. Dr. Şahap Atik, Prof. Dr. Mahmut Nedim Doral, Prof. Dr. Veli Lök, Prof. Dr. Mehmet Çakmak, Prof. Dr. Macit Uzel, Prof. Dr. İ. Remzi Tözün, Op. Dr. Orhan Girgin, Prof. Dr. Kut Sarpyener, Prof. Dr. Nejat Güney and Prof. Dr. Ömer Faruk Bilgen.This study, which was performed to show the history of knee osteoarthritis and knee replacements in Turkey, showed that the disease of knee osteoarthritis started to be understood in detail in the mid 20th century and research of treatment methods fort he disease has continued. Initially conservative treatments were generally applied with attempts to eliminate pain with various medications and injections. For advanced cases, surgical treatments started with open joint debridement, joint arthrodesis and high tibial osteotomy, then with the arrival of arthroscopy in our country, the addition of arthroscopic lavage to these applications created a wide spectrum of treatments. At he beginning of the 1970s, various centres performed a few hinged knee joint replacements in cases of advanced knee osteoarthritis, but this did not become widespread due to unsatisfactory results. If condylar type knee prosthesis is accepted in the modern sense, several centres started to apply these simultaneously at the end of 1987 and the beginning of 1988, and by rapid development this became widespread to reach the present-day level.Until the mid-19th century, physicians did not pay much attention to knee osteoarthritis, probably due to other significant health problems throughout our country. However, from that time on, it began to be beter understood and various treatment methods were applied. Total knee replacements which have started to be applied as advanced knee osteoarthritis treatments globally in recent years have spread rapidly to become the successful applications of the present day.
Osteoarthritis, which is a chronic and progressively degenerative disease starting with complaints of pain in the musculoskeletal system and physical inadequacy and is characterised by loss of joint cartilage, is being increasingly seen in society. This study aimed to examine treatment methods which have been used historically in Turkey for knee osteoarthritis and how the implementation of total knee replacements began.To reach both primary and secondary sources for this study, the main libraries in Bursa, Istanbul and Ankara were scanned. For the research in the libraries the following key words in both modern Turkish and Ottoman origin were used: joint, knee, bone, pain, excessive pain, osteoarthritis, calcinosis, rheumatism, gout. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with the pioneers of the first applications of total knee prosthesis in our country and their statements were recorded to explain the progress of the treatment methods applied for knee osteoarthritis from the second half of the twentieth century. The physicians who complied with our request were Prof. Dr. İlker Çetin, Prof. Dr. Şahap Atik, Prof. Dr. Mahmut Nedim Doral, Prof. Dr. Veli Lök, Prof. Dr. Mehmet Çakmak, Prof. Dr. Macit Uzel, Prof. Dr. İ. Remzi Tözün, Op. Dr. Orhan Girgin, Prof. Dr. Kut Sarpyener, Prof. Dr. Nejat Güney and Prof. Dr. Ömer Faruk Bilgen.This study, which was performed to show the history of knee osteoarthritis and knee replacements in Turkey, showed that the disease of knee osteoarthritis started to be understood in detail in the mid 20th century and research of treatment methods fort he disease has continued. Initially conservative treatments were generally applied with attempts to eliminate pain with various medications and injections. For advanced cases, surgical treatments started with open joint debridement, joint arthrodesis and high tibial osteotomy, then with the arrival of arthroscopy in our country, the addition of arthroscopic lavage to these applications created a wide spectrum of treatments. At he beginning of the 1970s, various centres performed a few hinged knee joint replacements in cases of advanced knee osteoarthritis, but this did not become widespread due to unsatisfactory results. If condylar type knee prosthesis is accepted in the modern sense, several centres started to apply these simultaneously at the end of 1987 and the beginning of 1988, and by rapid development this became widespread to reach the present-day level.Until the mid-19th century, physicians did not pay much attention to knee osteoarthritis, probably due to other significant health problems throughout our country. However, from that time on, it began to be beter understood and various treatment methods were applied. Total knee replacements which have started to be applied as advanced knee osteoarthritis treatments globally in recent years have spread rapidly to become the successful applications of the present day.
Description
Keywords
Diz, Osteoartrit, Total diz protezi, Tarih, Knee, Osteoarthritis, Total knee prosthesis, History
Citation
Şahin, N. (2012). Türkiye'de diz osteoartriti total diz protezinin tarihi. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.