Laparoskopik kolesistektomi vakalarında serebral kan akımının ve serebral oksijenizasyonun transkranial doppler ve NIRS ile değerlendirilmesi
Date
2024
Authors
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Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Laparoskopik Kolesistektomi (L/K) planlanan hastalarda Near-İnfrared Spektrometri (NIRS) ve Transkranyal Doppler-USG (TCD-USG) kullanarak, perioperatif dönemde serebral dokuda bölgesel oksijenizasyon ve intrakranyal kan akımı değişikliklerini saptamayı amaçladık. Çalışmaya elektif L/K uygulanan, “American Society of Anesthesiologists” (ASA) skoru I-II olan, 18-65 yaş, bilinen damar hastalığı, nörolojik sorunu olmayan 40 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalarda bölgesel serebral oksijen saturasyonu (NIRS-L, NIRS-R), A. cerebri media (MCA) ve A. carotis interna (ICA)’da akım velositeleri (FV), pulsatilite indeksi (PI) değerleri preoperatif, anestezi indüksiyonu, insuflasyon ve ters Trendelenburg (rT) pozisyonu sonrası, nötr pozisyonda, ekstübasyon öncesi ve ayılma ünitesinde ölçülerek değerlendirildi. Pnömoperitoneum ve rT pozisyonuyla; iki taraflı NIRS değerlerinde azalma saptandı (L: p<0,001;p=0,04; R: p<0,001;p<0,001). MCA-FV’de insuflasyon ve rT pozisyonuyla azalma (p=0,001;p=0,012) gözlendi. MCA-FVmean’de insuflasyon ile azalma (p= 0,019); MCA-PI’da rT pozisyonuyla artma (p=0,044) gözlendi. İCA ölçümlerinde anlamlı bir fark bulunamadı (Tüm dönemlerde p>0,05). NIRS-R ve MCA-FV değerleri arasında insuflasyon ve rT pozisyonu sonrasında ilişki saptandı (Sırasıyla r=0,420;p=0,009; r=0,587;p<0,001). MCA-FVmean’in sadece rT pozisyonu sonrası NIRS-R değeri ile ilişkili olduğu gözlendi (r=0,562, p<0,001). Perioperatif dönemde hemodinamik ve serebral oksijenasyon değerleri, USG ölçümlerinde klinik olarak müdahele gerektirecek bir değişim gözlenmedi. Sonuç olarak; L/K hastalarında serebral oksijenasyon ve akım değerlerinde değişimin insuflasyon döneminde başladığı ve rT pozisyonunun etkisiyle devam ettiği saptandı. NIRS ve serebral kan akımı arasında insuflasyon ve rT pozisyonunda anlamlı bir ilişki saptandı. İntrakranyal kan akımında ve oksijenasyonda bozulma olması durumda NIRS’ın daha erken uyarı verebileceği, ASA I-II sınıfı hastalarda NIRS ile değerlendirmenin yeterli olabileceği, ancak ASA III-IV hastalarda her iki analiz yönteminin ortak kullanılmasının serebral kanlanma ve oksijenasyon hakkında daha fazla yararlı olabileceği kanısına varıldı.
We aimed to detect changes in regional oxygenation and intracranial blood flow in cerebral tissue during the perioperative period in patients scheduled for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (L/C) using Near-Infrared Spectrometry (NIRS) and Transcranial Doppler-USG (TCD-USG). The study included 40 patients aged 18-65, with an "American Society of Anesthesiologists" (ASA) score of I-II, who had no known vascular disease or neurological problems, and underwent elective L/C. Regional cerebral oxygen saturation (NIRS-L, NIRS-R), flow velocities (FV) in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA), and pulsatility index (PI) values were measured and evaluated preoperatively, during anesthesia induction, after insufflation and reverse Trendelenburg (rT) position, in neutral position, before extubation, and in the recovery unit. With pneumoperitoneum and the rT position, a decrease in bilateral NIRS values was observed (L: p<0.001; p=0.04; R: p<0.001; p<0.001). A decrease in MCA-FV was observed with insufflation and rT position (p=0.001; p=0.012). A decrease in MCA-FVmean was observed with insufflation (p=0.019); an increase in MCA-PI was observed with the rT position (p=0.044). No significant difference was found in ICA measurements (p>0.05 at all periods). A correlation was found between NIRS-R and MCA-FV after insufflation and the rT position (r=0.420; p=0.009; r=0.587; p<0.001, respectively). MCA-FVmean was found to be associated with NIRS-R only after the rT position (r=0.562, p<0.001). During the perioperative period, no clinically significant changes requiring intervention were observed in hemodynamic and cerebral oxygenation values or USG measurements. In conclusion, it was observed that changes in cerebral oxygenation and flow values began during the insufflation period and continued with the effect of the rT position in L/C patients. A significant relationship was found between NIRS and cerebral blood flow during insufflation and the rT position. It was concluded that NIRS might provide earlier warnings in the event of impaired intracranial blood flow and oxygenation, and that evaluation with NIRS could be sufficient in ASA I-II class patients. However, the combined use of both analysis methods in ASA III-IV patients could be more beneficial for assessing cerebral perfusion and oxygenation.
We aimed to detect changes in regional oxygenation and intracranial blood flow in cerebral tissue during the perioperative period in patients scheduled for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (L/C) using Near-Infrared Spectrometry (NIRS) and Transcranial Doppler-USG (TCD-USG). The study included 40 patients aged 18-65, with an "American Society of Anesthesiologists" (ASA) score of I-II, who had no known vascular disease or neurological problems, and underwent elective L/C. Regional cerebral oxygen saturation (NIRS-L, NIRS-R), flow velocities (FV) in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA), and pulsatility index (PI) values were measured and evaluated preoperatively, during anesthesia induction, after insufflation and reverse Trendelenburg (rT) position, in neutral position, before extubation, and in the recovery unit. With pneumoperitoneum and the rT position, a decrease in bilateral NIRS values was observed (L: p<0.001; p=0.04; R: p<0.001; p<0.001). A decrease in MCA-FV was observed with insufflation and rT position (p=0.001; p=0.012). A decrease in MCA-FVmean was observed with insufflation (p=0.019); an increase in MCA-PI was observed with the rT position (p=0.044). No significant difference was found in ICA measurements (p>0.05 at all periods). A correlation was found between NIRS-R and MCA-FV after insufflation and the rT position (r=0.420; p=0.009; r=0.587; p<0.001, respectively). MCA-FVmean was found to be associated with NIRS-R only after the rT position (r=0.562, p<0.001). During the perioperative period, no clinically significant changes requiring intervention were observed in hemodynamic and cerebral oxygenation values or USG measurements. In conclusion, it was observed that changes in cerebral oxygenation and flow values began during the insufflation period and continued with the effect of the rT position in L/C patients. A significant relationship was found between NIRS and cerebral blood flow during insufflation and the rT position. It was concluded that NIRS might provide earlier warnings in the event of impaired intracranial blood flow and oxygenation, and that evaluation with NIRS could be sufficient in ASA I-II class patients. However, the combined use of both analysis methods in ASA III-IV patients could be more beneficial for assessing cerebral perfusion and oxygenation.
Description
Keywords
NIRS, TCD-USG, Laparoskopik kolesistektomi, Serebral oksijenasyon, Serebral kan akımı, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Cerebral oxygenation, Cerebral blood flow