Apollonia ad Rhyndacum kent surları
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Date
2015-07-02
Authors
Kardoruk, Nihal
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
"Apollonia ad Rhyndacum Kent Surları" adı altında kaleme alınan bu tezde, modern adı Gölyazı ve Zambaktepe olan, iki ada üzerinde bulunan Antik Dönem kent surları incelenmiştir. Bilimsel kazılar ile mimari geçmişi desteklenmeyen kent, Batı Anadolu'da Bithynia/Mysia sınırları içerisinde yer alan en önemli ikinci kent olarak geçmektedir. Modern yerleşim altında kaybolmaya başlayan Antik kalıntılar, 2006 yılı ve sonrasında yapılan yüzey araştırmaları ile hak ettiği önemi kazanmaya başlamıştır. İki adayı çepeçevre saran surlar; ilk ada olan Zambaktepe'de bir giriş kapısı ile başlar. Giriş kapısından başka herhangi bir sur kalıntısına rastlanmayan tepe üzerinde, surların stadionu da çevreleyerek devam ettiği düşünülür. İkinci ada olan Gölyazı'da ise, çift kapılı savunma ile başlayan surlarda, savunmanın kırıldığı adanın dönüş yerlerinde 4 büyük kule yer alır. Bu kuleler arasında yer alan sur duvarlarının çoğu modern yerleşimde evlerin temel duvarları olarak kullanılmış, modern yapı ile bütünleşmeyen duvarlar ise günümüze ulaşmayı başaramamıştır. Surların yapımında kullanılan yoğun devşirme malzeme, kentte yer alan ve sur yapımından önce kullanılmış olan mimari örüntü hakkında bilgiler sunmuştur. Büyük çoğunluğu lokalizasyonu yapılan yapılardan gelen devşirme malzemeler, katalog çalışmasında tek tek tanımlamaları ve sur duvarları üzerindeki yerleri belirlenerek, kentte daha önceki yapılarda kullanılmış olan malzeme, teknik ve lokalisazyonu bilinmeyen yapıların, ada üzerindeki konumlarını belirlemek gibi konuların çözümüne yardımcı olmuştur. Sonuç olarak; mimari çalışmaların bilimsel kazılarla desteklenmediği Apollonia ad Rhyndacum Antik kentinde yapılan bu tez çalışması ile ulaşılabilen sonuçlar, kentin mimari tarihine ışık tutmuştur.
In this thesis put down on paper under the title "The Fortification Walls of Apollonia ad Rhyndacum", ancient era city walls located on two islands are studied.The city the architectural background of which isn't endorsed by scientific excavations is regarded as the second most important city located within the borders of Bithynia/Mysia in Western Anatolia. Antique remains beginning to disappear from sight as a result of modern settlement began to gain importance through intensive survey carried out in 2006 and onwards. The walls surrounding the two islands all about set in with an entrance door at Zambaktepe, one of the islands. On the hill where no wall remains are found apart from the entrance door, it is thought that the walls extend surrounding the stadion as well. On the second island Gölyazı, on the walls starting with double gate defence are located four big towers in the rotating places of the island in which the defence is cleared out. Most of the walls placed among those towers are used as the substructure walls of the houses in modern settlement while the walls not integrated with the modern structure couldn't make their way into today. The dense spolia used in the construction of the walls has shed light on the architectural pattern featured in the city which is used before the construction of the walls.The materials most of which come from the structures localized helped resolve issues such as one by one identifications in catalogue study , determining their locations on the city walls , determining the location of the structures whose technique and location aren't known on the island and determining the material used in early constructions in the city. In conclusion, findings that came at by means of this paper in the city of Apollonia ad Rhyndacum in which architectural studies aren't backed up through scientific excavations cast light on the architectural history of the city.
In this thesis put down on paper under the title "The Fortification Walls of Apollonia ad Rhyndacum", ancient era city walls located on two islands are studied.The city the architectural background of which isn't endorsed by scientific excavations is regarded as the second most important city located within the borders of Bithynia/Mysia in Western Anatolia. Antique remains beginning to disappear from sight as a result of modern settlement began to gain importance through intensive survey carried out in 2006 and onwards. The walls surrounding the two islands all about set in with an entrance door at Zambaktepe, one of the islands. On the hill where no wall remains are found apart from the entrance door, it is thought that the walls extend surrounding the stadion as well. On the second island Gölyazı, on the walls starting with double gate defence are located four big towers in the rotating places of the island in which the defence is cleared out. Most of the walls placed among those towers are used as the substructure walls of the houses in modern settlement while the walls not integrated with the modern structure couldn't make their way into today. The dense spolia used in the construction of the walls has shed light on the architectural pattern featured in the city which is used before the construction of the walls.The materials most of which come from the structures localized helped resolve issues such as one by one identifications in catalogue study , determining their locations on the city walls , determining the location of the structures whose technique and location aren't known on the island and determining the material used in early constructions in the city. In conclusion, findings that came at by means of this paper in the city of Apollonia ad Rhyndacum in which architectural studies aren't backed up through scientific excavations cast light on the architectural history of the city.
Description
Keywords
Mysia, Bithynia, Antik kent, Apollonia ad rhyndacum, Sur duvarı, Devşirme malzeme, Ancient city, Fortification wall, Spolia
Citation
Kardoruk, N. (2015). Apollonia ad Rhyndacum kent surları. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.