Anogenital human papillomavirüs (HPV) enfeksiyonlarında sitokin ve mannoz bağlayıcı lektin(MBL) gen polimorfizminin belirlenmesi
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Date
2012
Authors
Aydoğan, Kenan
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Human papillomavirüsler (HPV), Papillomavirüsler ailesinden zarfsız, çift sarmallı DNA virüsleridir. 100'den fazla farklı tipte sınıflandırılırlar. Anogenital HPV enfeksiyonları (Kondilomata aküminata; KA) son yıllarda giderek artan bir şekilde önemli infeksiyöz ajanlar olarak tanınmaktadırlar. Kondilomata aküminatalı hastalarda, yardımcı T hücresi 1 (Th1) ve Th2 sitokinleri arasındaki dengenin antiviral immüniteyi düzenlediği düşünülmektedir. Sitokin üretim kapasitesi çeşitli sitokin gen polimorfizmleri ile ilişkili olduğu için sitokinleri kodlayan sitokin genleri konağın HPV enfeksiyonuna yatkınlığında önemli rol oynayabilir. Mannoz bağlayıcı lektin (MBL) fagositozu ve kompleman aktivasyonunu düzenleyen bir serum lektinidir ve doğal immünitenin bir üyesidir. MBL gen polimorfizmleri de MBL üretim miktarı ile ilişkilidir. Mannoz bağlayıcı gen polimorfizmlerinin birçok enfeksiyon hastalığı ile ilişkisi ortaya konmuştur.Bu çalışmada sitokin ve MBL gen polimorfizmi ile anogenital HPV enfeksiyonları arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir.Bu amaçla çalışmaya KA tanısı almış 40 hasta ve 40 sağlıklı gönüllü alındı. Bu hastaların tamamı en az bir tedaviye (elektrokoterizasyon, kriyoterapi, topikal imikimod, kimyasal ablatif yöntemler vb.) cevap vermeyen ve rekürren lezyonlara sahip olan hastalardı. Sitokin gen polimorfizmleri (Th1 sitokinleri; tümor nekrozis faktör alfa (TNF-?) ve interferon gama (IFN-?), Th2 sitokin; interlökin 6(IL-6), T düzenleyici/baskılayıcı sitokinler IL-10 ve transforming growth factor beta-TGF-ß) sekans spesifik primerler kullanarak Polimeraz Zincir Reaksiyonu- Sekans Spesifik Primer (PCR-SSP) yöntemi ile, MBL gen polimorfizmi ise PCR- Restriction Fragment Lenght Polymorphism (RFLP) yöntemi ile çalışıldı. Aglomeratif hiyerarjik kümeleme analizi yardımıyla olguları iki majör kümeye ayrıldı ve IL-6 ve MBL genotip dağılımlarında anlamlı farklılıklar bulundu. IL-6(-174); G/G görülme oranı hastaların fazla olduğu kümede (küme 1) anlamlı olarak daha fazla iken (p<0.001), G/C görülme oranı sağlıklıların fazla olduğu kümede (küme 2) anlamlı olarak daha fazlaydı (p=0.046). MBL (kodon 54); AA görülme oranı küme 1'de anlamlı olarak daha fazla iken (p<0.001), AB görülme oranı küme 2'de anlamlı olarak daha fazlaydı (p<0.001).Bu çalışmadaki sonuçlar, IL-6 G/G ve MBL AA gen polimorfizmlerinin anogenital HPV enfeksiyonlarının gelişimi ve rekürrensi için bir risk faktörü, IL-6 G/C ve MBL AB polimorfizminin ise koruyucu bir faktör olabileceğini göstermektedir. Türkiye'de anogenital HPV enfeksiyonlarının insidansı gittikçe artmaktadır. Bu nedenle anogenital HPV enfeksiyonlarının patogenezinde gen polimorfizmlerinin rolü için geniş serili çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are naked double stranded DNA viruses belonging to the family of Papillomaviruses. They are classified into more than 100 types. Anogenital HPV infections (Condyloma acuminatum,CA) are being increasingly recognized as important infectious agents. The balance between type Th1 and Th2 cytokines in patients with CA is thought to modulate antiviral immunity. Several genes encoding different cytokines may play crucial roles in host susceptibility to HPV infections, since cytokine production capacity varies among individuals and depends on cytokine gene polymorphisms. Mannose?binding lectin (MBL) is a serum lectin that mediates complement activation and it is a member of innate immune system. MBL genes are also related to the amount of the MBL produced. MBL gene polymorphisms are considered to be associated with several infectious diseases.In this study, we investigated the association between cytokines and MBL gene polymorphisms with anogenital HPV infections.Fourty patients with CA and 40 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. These patients had no responded to at least a therapy modality (electrosurgery, cryotherapy, topical imiquimod, chemical ablation methods, etc.) and all patients had recurrent lesions. Polymorphism of cytokine (Th1 cytokines; TNF-? and IFN-?, Th2 cytokine; IL-6, T regulatory/supressor cytokines; IL-10 and TGF-ß) genes studies were performed using sequence-specific primers Polmerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP) method and MBL genotyping were studied by PCR-Restriction Fragment Lenght Polymorphism (RFLP) method. With the aid of agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis, we categorized subjects into 2 major cluster, which were found to have significantly different distributions of IL-6 and MBL genotypes. Frequencies of IL-6 (-174) G/G (p<0.001) and MBL (codon 54) AA (p<0.001) polymorphisms were significantly greater in the cluster 1 (cluster formed by the majority of patients with CA). In contrast, significantly lower frequencies of the IL-6 G/C (p=0.046) genotype and MBL (codon 54) AB (p<0.001) genotype were observed in cluster 1 compared with cluster 2 (cluster formed by the majority of healthy controls).These results suggest that the IL-6 G/G and MBL AA gene polymorphisms are potential risk factors, and that the IL-6 G/C and MBL AB polymorphisms are a protective factor, for occurrence and recurrence of anogenital HPV infections in this study group. The incidence of anogenital HPV infections in Turkey is growing day by day and larger studies are therefore necessary to investigate the role the gene polymorphisms involved in the pathogenesis of anogenital HPV infections.
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are naked double stranded DNA viruses belonging to the family of Papillomaviruses. They are classified into more than 100 types. Anogenital HPV infections (Condyloma acuminatum,CA) are being increasingly recognized as important infectious agents. The balance between type Th1 and Th2 cytokines in patients with CA is thought to modulate antiviral immunity. Several genes encoding different cytokines may play crucial roles in host susceptibility to HPV infections, since cytokine production capacity varies among individuals and depends on cytokine gene polymorphisms. Mannose?binding lectin (MBL) is a serum lectin that mediates complement activation and it is a member of innate immune system. MBL genes are also related to the amount of the MBL produced. MBL gene polymorphisms are considered to be associated with several infectious diseases.In this study, we investigated the association between cytokines and MBL gene polymorphisms with anogenital HPV infections.Fourty patients with CA and 40 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. These patients had no responded to at least a therapy modality (electrosurgery, cryotherapy, topical imiquimod, chemical ablation methods, etc.) and all patients had recurrent lesions. Polymorphism of cytokine (Th1 cytokines; TNF-? and IFN-?, Th2 cytokine; IL-6, T regulatory/supressor cytokines; IL-10 and TGF-ß) genes studies were performed using sequence-specific primers Polmerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP) method and MBL genotyping were studied by PCR-Restriction Fragment Lenght Polymorphism (RFLP) method. With the aid of agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis, we categorized subjects into 2 major cluster, which were found to have significantly different distributions of IL-6 and MBL genotypes. Frequencies of IL-6 (-174) G/G (p<0.001) and MBL (codon 54) AA (p<0.001) polymorphisms were significantly greater in the cluster 1 (cluster formed by the majority of patients with CA). In contrast, significantly lower frequencies of the IL-6 G/C (p=0.046) genotype and MBL (codon 54) AB (p<0.001) genotype were observed in cluster 1 compared with cluster 2 (cluster formed by the majority of healthy controls).These results suggest that the IL-6 G/G and MBL AA gene polymorphisms are potential risk factors, and that the IL-6 G/C and MBL AB polymorphisms are a protective factor, for occurrence and recurrence of anogenital HPV infections in this study group. The incidence of anogenital HPV infections in Turkey is growing day by day and larger studies are therefore necessary to investigate the role the gene polymorphisms involved in the pathogenesis of anogenital HPV infections.
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Keywords
HPV, Sitokin gen polimorfizmi, Mannoz bağlayıcı lektin gen polimorfizmi, Cytokine gene polymorphisms, Mannose binding lectin gene polymorphisms
Citation
Aydoğan, K. (2012). Anogenital human papillomavirüs (HPV) enfeksiyonlarında sitokin ve mannoz bağlayıcı lektin(MBL) gen polimorfizminin belirlenmesi. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.