Arı sütünün yapısı, insanlar ve arılar için önemi
Date
2015-07-21
Authors
Akyol, Ethem
Baran, Yavuz
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Türkiye gerek florası gerekse koloni varlığı ile iyi bir arıcılık potansiyeline sahiptir. Arılar hem bitkilerin tozlaşmalarını sağlamaları hem de ürünleri ile insanlar için büyük bir öneme sahiptirler. Arı sütü 6-15 günlük yaştaki işçi arıların kafalarındaki hypopharyngeal ve mandibular salgı bezlerinden salgıladıkları, ana arı ve genç larvaları besledikleri, beyaz-krem renginde, besin değeri çok yüksek kıvamlı bir gıda maddesidir. İşçi arılar ana arı ve genç larvaları arı sütü ile beslerler. Ana arı ile işçi arılar arasında genetiksel olarak hiç bir farklılık yoktur. Diploit larvalar; 3 günlük yaştan sonra nektarbal ve polen karışımı ile beslenirse işçi, arı sütü ile beslenirse ana arı olarak gelişir. Ana arılar 3-4 yıl işçi arılar ise 6-7 hafta kadar yaşarlar. İşçi arılar dişi olmasına rağmen yumurtalıkları gelişmemiştir ve yumurtlamazlar Kraliçe arıların yumurtalıkları mükemmel bir şekilde gelişmiştir ve günde 1500-2000 yumurta yumurtlarlar. Ana arı daha iri yapılı olmasına rağmen gelişmesini 16 günde, işçi arılar ise 21 günde tamamlarlar. İşçi ve ana arı arasındaki tüm bu farklılıkların yegane nedeni beslenme farklılıklarıdır. Arı sütünün arılar üzerindeki bu müthiş etkileri nedeniyle insanlar da kullanmaya başlamışlar ve kullanımı her geçen gün hızla yaygınlaşmaktadır.
Turkey has a good beekeeping potential with good flora and colony potential. Honey bees are importance insect for human with pollination of plant and their products. Royal jelly is secreted from hypopharengeal and mandibular glands that is stiuated head of 6-15 days-old worker bees, queen and young larvae feed, white-cream color consistency and nutrient value of the food is very high. The worker bees feed queen bees and young larvae with royal jelly. There is no genetically differences between Queen and worker bees. If the diploid larvae are fed with nectar-honey and pollen they develope as worker, the larvae are fed with royal jelly they develope as queen. Queen bees live up to 3-4 years but worker bees live 6 - 7 weeks in an active season. Although the worker bees are female, Their ovaries are undeveloped and they don’t ovulate. Ovaries of queen bees are developed perfectly and they can lay 1500-2000 eggs daily. Although the queen bee larger, they develop in 16 days, the worker bees complete the development in 21 days. The Cause of all these differences between the worker and queen bees are nutritional differences. Because of the great effects of royal jelly on bees, people have started using this product and use of it rapidly gaining popularity with each passing day.
Turkey has a good beekeeping potential with good flora and colony potential. Honey bees are importance insect for human with pollination of plant and their products. Royal jelly is secreted from hypopharengeal and mandibular glands that is stiuated head of 6-15 days-old worker bees, queen and young larvae feed, white-cream color consistency and nutrient value of the food is very high. The worker bees feed queen bees and young larvae with royal jelly. There is no genetically differences between Queen and worker bees. If the diploid larvae are fed with nectar-honey and pollen they develope as worker, the larvae are fed with royal jelly they develope as queen. Queen bees live up to 3-4 years but worker bees live 6 - 7 weeks in an active season. Although the worker bees are female, Their ovaries are undeveloped and they don’t ovulate. Ovaries of queen bees are developed perfectly and they can lay 1500-2000 eggs daily. Although the queen bee larger, they develop in 16 days, the worker bees complete the development in 21 days. The Cause of all these differences between the worker and queen bees are nutritional differences. Because of the great effects of royal jelly on bees, people have started using this product and use of it rapidly gaining popularity with each passing day.
Description
Keywords
Bal arısı, Arı ürünleri, Arı sütü, Sağlık, Honey bees, Hive products, Royall jelly, Health
Citation
Akyol, E. ve Bran, Y. (2015). "Arı sütünün yapısı, insanlar ve arılar için önemi". Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi, 15(1), 16-21.