Geç modern toplumda dindar kadınların spiritüel arayışları
Date
2024-07-03
Authors
Demiryürek, Ahmet Selim
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu araştırma, küreselleşme dinamikleriyle birlikte Türk toplumunda giderek popüler hale gelen New Age spiritüelliğine katılan dindar kadınların spiritüellik tecrübesini incelemektedir. Buradan hareketle araştırmanın amacı, New Age spiritüelliği üzerine kurulu inanışların, geleneksel İslami duyarlılığa sahip Müslüman dindar kadınlar tarafından nasıl deneyimlendiği, nasıl konumlandığı ve onların gündelik yaşamları içerisinde bunlara nasıl yer verdikleri ve neticede New Age’e özgü nasıl yeni bir benlik inşa ettiklerini anlamak ve kavramsallaştırmaktır. Araştırmanın temel problemi ise İslami hassasiyete sahip dindar kadın kimliğinin New Age spiritüelliği ile nasıl bir etkileşime girdiğidir. Spiritüel arayışların holistik ortamında spiritüel gelişimleri için çabalayan dindar kadınlar, geleneksel dindarlıklarını New Age spiritüelliğine özgü bireysel kült inanışları ile yer değiştiriyorlar mı, yoksa her ikisine de izin veren eklektik bir dindarlık mı oluşturuyorlar? Dindar kadınların spiritüel pratikleri “İslamileştirme”, “anlaşılır kılma”, “benimseme” ve “filtreden geçirme” taktikleri nelerdir? Bu sorular çalışmanın cevaplarını aradığı temel problemlerinden bazılarına işaret etmektedir. Dindar kadınlardan kastımız, İslam’ı sadece inanç düzeyinde değil, aynı zamanda ibadet, duygu, bilgi ve davranış boyutlarıyla da yaşayan; dindar bir çevreden gelen; dini grup geçmişi bulunan ya da din eğitimi veren İmam Hatip Lisesi, İlahiyat Fakültesi gibi kurumlardan mezun olması dolayısıyla geniş dini referanslara sahip bireylerdir. Bu kapsamda İstanbul, Ankara, Bursa gibi büyükşehirlerde yaşayan en az 2.5 yıldır bioenerji, reiki, Theta Healing, Access Bars, numeroloji, astroloji gibi spiritüel enerji şifa tekniklerinden biri ya da birkaçını uygulayan, dindar kadınlar üzerine nitel bir saha araştırması yapılmıştır. Araştırmada gözlem, katılımcı gözlem ve 33 kadın katılımcı ile yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşme gerçekleşmiştir. Saha araştırmasının bulguları, New Age spiritüelliği ile ilgili uluslararası literatürde öne çıkan temel kavramsal ve olgusal tartışmalar bağlamında ele alınmış ayrıca dindar kadınların spiritüellik deneyimi fenomenolojik araştırma deseni ile incelenmiştir. Araştırmadaki en temel bulgu, New Age spiritüelliğine katılan dindar kadının geleneksel ve örgütlü dindarlıktan bireysel spiritüelliğe doğru bir benlik dönüşümü yaşadığıdır. Araştırma bu benlik dönüşümünü, geç modern topluma entegre olmuş benlik merkezli spiritüellik çerçevesinde ele almıştır. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın problemine rehberlik etmek için Paul Heelas’ın self-spiritüellik ve Giddens’in geç modern topluma özgü düşünümsellik kavramları olguyu anlamada ve yorumlamada bize yardımcı olacak teorik fikir setleri olarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın özgün değeri, New Age spiritüelliğine katılan Müslüman dindar kadına odaklanması ve Türkiye’deki New Age spiritüelliği ile ilgili sınırlı literatüre katkı yapacak nitel bir araştırma olmasıdır.
This research examines the experience of spirituality of religious women who involve in New Age spirituality, which has become increasingly popular in Turkish society with the dynamics of globalisation. From this point of view, the aim of the research is to understand and conceptualise how the beliefs based on New Age spirituality are experienced and positioned by Muslim religious women with traditional Islamic sensitivity and how they include them in their daily lives and how they construct a new self specific to New Age. The main problem of the research is how the identity of religious women interacts with New Age spirituality. Do religious women who strive for their spiritual development in the holistic environment of spiritual pursuits replace their traditional religiosity with individual cult beliefs specific to New Age spirituality, or do they form an eclectic religiosity that allows for both? What are the tactics by which religious women ‘Islamise’, ‘make intelligible’, ‘adopt’ and ‘filter’ spiritual practices? These questions point to some of the main problems that this study seeks to answer. By religious women, we mean individuals who live Islam not only at the level of belief but also in the dimensions of worship, emotion, knowledge and behaviour; who come from a religious environment; who have a religious group background or who have broad religious references due to their graduation from institutions that provide religious education such as Imam Hatip High School and Faculty of Theology. In this context, a qualitative field research was conducted on religious women living in metropolises such as Istanbul, Ankara and Bursa who have been practising one or more of the spiritual energy healing techniques such as bioenergy, reiki, Theta Healing, Access Bars, numerology, astrology for at least 2.5 years. The research involved observation, participant observation and semi-structured in-depth interviews with 33 female participants. The findings of the field research were discussed in the context of the main conceptual and phenomenological debates in the international literature on New Age spirituality, and the spirituality experience of religious women was examined with a phenomenological research design. The main finding of the study is that religious women who participate in New Age spirituality experience a self-transformation from traditional and organised religiosity to individual spirituality. The research examined this self-transformation within the framework of self-centred spirituality integrated into late modern society. In this context, Paul Heelas‘ concept of self-spirituality and Giddens’ concept of reflexivity specific to late modern society are used as theoretical idea sets to guide the research problem and help us understand and interpret the phenomenon. The unique value of the research is that it focuses on Muslim religious women who involve in New Age spirituality and is a qualitative study that will contribute to the limited literature on New Age spirituality in Turkey.
This research examines the experience of spirituality of religious women who involve in New Age spirituality, which has become increasingly popular in Turkish society with the dynamics of globalisation. From this point of view, the aim of the research is to understand and conceptualise how the beliefs based on New Age spirituality are experienced and positioned by Muslim religious women with traditional Islamic sensitivity and how they include them in their daily lives and how they construct a new self specific to New Age. The main problem of the research is how the identity of religious women interacts with New Age spirituality. Do religious women who strive for their spiritual development in the holistic environment of spiritual pursuits replace their traditional religiosity with individual cult beliefs specific to New Age spirituality, or do they form an eclectic religiosity that allows for both? What are the tactics by which religious women ‘Islamise’, ‘make intelligible’, ‘adopt’ and ‘filter’ spiritual practices? These questions point to some of the main problems that this study seeks to answer. By religious women, we mean individuals who live Islam not only at the level of belief but also in the dimensions of worship, emotion, knowledge and behaviour; who come from a religious environment; who have a religious group background or who have broad religious references due to their graduation from institutions that provide religious education such as Imam Hatip High School and Faculty of Theology. In this context, a qualitative field research was conducted on religious women living in metropolises such as Istanbul, Ankara and Bursa who have been practising one or more of the spiritual energy healing techniques such as bioenergy, reiki, Theta Healing, Access Bars, numerology, astrology for at least 2.5 years. The research involved observation, participant observation and semi-structured in-depth interviews with 33 female participants. The findings of the field research were discussed in the context of the main conceptual and phenomenological debates in the international literature on New Age spirituality, and the spirituality experience of religious women was examined with a phenomenological research design. The main finding of the study is that religious women who participate in New Age spirituality experience a self-transformation from traditional and organised religiosity to individual spirituality. The research examined this self-transformation within the framework of self-centred spirituality integrated into late modern society. In this context, Paul Heelas‘ concept of self-spirituality and Giddens’ concept of reflexivity specific to late modern society are used as theoretical idea sets to guide the research problem and help us understand and interpret the phenomenon. The unique value of the research is that it focuses on Muslim religious women who involve in New Age spirituality and is a qualitative study that will contribute to the limited literature on New Age spirituality in Turkey.
Description
Keywords
Geç modernite, Dindarlık, Düşünümsellik, New Age spiritüelliği, New Age spirituality, Late modernity, Religiosity, Reflexivity