Hümanizm ve din: Postmetafizik düşüncede dinin konumunu yeniden düşünmek
Date
2023-08-21
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Hümanistik ve metafiziksel düşünce, klasik düşünceden başlamak üzere, dini kendine konu edinerek, onu belli bir tarzda düşünmüştür. Bu, dinin ancak insani sınırlar çerçevesinde düşünülmesi ve bu doğrultuda değerlendirilmesi gerektiği fikrine kapı aralayarak, dinin kendinde ne olduğu ya da aslında nasıl bir anlam taşıdığı meselesini de arka plana itmiştir. Özellikle modern düşünceyle birlikte, ontolojiden epistemolojiye doğru yaşanan geçiş din ve Tanrı ile ilgili problemlerin birer bilgi problemi olduğu ve bu problemlerin ancak rasyonel düzleme çekilerek değerlendirilmesi gerektiği anlayışının hâkim olmasına yol açmıştır. Hümanistik öznenin, her şeyi kendi epistemik sınırlar içinde evrensel ve tarih dışı bir biçimde düşünmesi, varlığa bir sınır çizme olarak kendini göstermiştir. Bu sınır ya da tekçi ve evrenselci bakış, gerek Aydınlanma düşüncesi içindeki kimi düşünürler gerekse de postmodern ve postyapısalcı düşünürler tarafından eleştirilmiştir. Özellikle postyapısalcı düşüncenin hümanistik özneyi eleştirmesi, modern düşünceyle sınırlandırılan alanların da tekrar gündeme gelmesine vesile olmuştur. Bu açıdan bakıldığında din de felsefenin meseleleri arasında tekrar yerini almıştır. Fakat geri teolojinin geri dönüşü olarak adlandırılan bu durum, dinin katı ve dogmatik özelliklerinden arındırılması gerektiğine yönelik fikirleri de gündeme getirmiştir. Bu açıdan çalışmamız, bu anlayışlara odaklanmakta ve dinin çağdaş düşüncedeki konumunu tartışmaktadır.
Humanistic and metaphysical thought, starting with classical thought, has taken religion as its subject and thought about it in a certain way. This opened the door to the idea that religion should only be considered and evaluated within human limits, and pushed the question of what religion is in itself or what it actually means into the background. Especially with modern thought, the shift from ontology to epistemology has led to the dominance of the understanding that the problems related to religion and God are problems of knowledge and that these problems can only be evaluated rationally. The humanistic subject's universal and ahistorical thinking of everything within its own epistemic boundaries manifested itself as drawing a boundary to existence. This boundary or monistic and universalist view has been criticized both by some thinkers within the Enlightenment thought and by postmodern and poststructuralist thinkers. Especially poststructuralist thought's criticism of the humanistic subject has led to the reappearance of areas that were limited by modern thought. From this point of view, religion has also taken its place again among the issues of philosophy. However, this situation, which is called the return of back theology, has also brought up the ideas that religion should be purified from its rigid and dogmatic features. In this respect, our study focuses on these understandings and discusses the position of religion in contemporary thought. Translated with.
Humanistic and metaphysical thought, starting with classical thought, has taken religion as its subject and thought about it in a certain way. This opened the door to the idea that religion should only be considered and evaluated within human limits, and pushed the question of what religion is in itself or what it actually means into the background. Especially with modern thought, the shift from ontology to epistemology has led to the dominance of the understanding that the problems related to religion and God are problems of knowledge and that these problems can only be evaluated rationally. The humanistic subject's universal and ahistorical thinking of everything within its own epistemic boundaries manifested itself as drawing a boundary to existence. This boundary or monistic and universalist view has been criticized both by some thinkers within the Enlightenment thought and by postmodern and poststructuralist thinkers. Especially poststructuralist thought's criticism of the humanistic subject has led to the reappearance of areas that were limited by modern thought. From this point of view, religion has also taken its place again among the issues of philosophy. However, this situation, which is called the return of back theology, has also brought up the ideas that religion should be purified from its rigid and dogmatic features. In this respect, our study focuses on these understandings and discusses the position of religion in contemporary thought. Translated with.
Description
Keywords
Din, Hümanizm, Metafizik, Zayıf teoloji, Postmetafizik, Religion, Humanism, Metaphysics, Weak theology, Postmetaphysics
Citation
Bekalp, B. (2023). Hümanizm ve din: Postmetafizik düşüncede dinin konumunu yeniden düşünmek. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.