Klasik Arap edebiyatı ihvâniyât bahisleri çerçevesinde “dostluk” teması
Date
2023-08-10
Authors
Ataman, Murat
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Tarihin her döneminde insanların kaçınılmaz olarak deneyimlediği toplumsal ve ahlaki olgulardan biri dostluktur. Tarih, fıkıh, hadis, tefsir, akait, edebiyat gibi ilimlerin birçoğunda dostluk ve onunla ilgili konu ya da temalarla doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak ilgilenilmiştir. Kuşkusuz bunlar içerisinde edebiyat sahasının, dostluk olgusuna yaklaşımı gerek tematik çeşitlilik gerekse de üslup zenginliği itibariye diğerlerinden oldukça farklıdır. Arap edebiyatının uzun tarihinde, yüzyılların ilmi, fikri, edebi, tecrübi birikimi büyük bir dil estetiği ve zevki üzerinden satırlara dökülmüş ve ihvâniyât adını verdiğimiz edebi tür talebe-i ulûmdan ulema sınıfına, devlet ricalinden sıradan halka muazzam bir teveccüh görmüştür. Edeb kitaplarında çok çeşitli yönleriyle irdelenen dostluk olgusu, Müslüman ilim adamlarına özgü bir dostluk ahlakının varlığından söz etmeyi haklı kılacak niteliktedir. Klasik kaynaklarda dostluğun anlamı, dost seçimi, dostlukları pekiştiren ve dejenere eden hususlar gibi birçok konu ele alınmış olup, ilgili malzeme yer yer neredeyse sanatsal bir üslup içerisinde sunulmuştur. İhvâniyât bahislerini besleyen en temel kaynaklar arasında ise Kur’ân ayetleri, hadis metinleri, lengüistik tahliller, meseller, aforizma kültürü, tarihsel anekdotlar ve fabllar gelmektedir.
Friendship is one of the social and moral phenomena that people inevitably experience in every period of history. In many Islamic sciences such as history, fiqh, hadith, tafsir, akaid and literature, friendship and related issues or themes were directly or indirectly dealt with. Undoubtedly, the approach of the literary field to the phenomenon of friendship is quite different from the others in terms of both thematic diversity and stylistic richness. In the long history of Arabic literature, centuries of scientific, intellectual, literary and experiential accumulation have been poured into lines through a great linguistic aesthetic and taste, and the literary genre we call “İhvâniyât” has received tremendous favor from students to the ulema class, from state dignitaries to ordinary people. The phenomenon of friendship, which is examined in various aspects in literary books, has the quality to justify mentioning the existence of a friendship ethic peculiar to Muslim scholars. Many subjects such as the meaning of friendship, the choice of friend, the issues that reinforce and degenerate friendships are discussed in classical sources, and the relevant material is presented in an almost artistic style from time to time. Among the most basic sources that feed the heresy are the verses of the Qur'an, hadith texts, linguistic analysis, parables, aphorism culture, historical anecdotes and fables.
Friendship is one of the social and moral phenomena that people inevitably experience in every period of history. In many Islamic sciences such as history, fiqh, hadith, tafsir, akaid and literature, friendship and related issues or themes were directly or indirectly dealt with. Undoubtedly, the approach of the literary field to the phenomenon of friendship is quite different from the others in terms of both thematic diversity and stylistic richness. In the long history of Arabic literature, centuries of scientific, intellectual, literary and experiential accumulation have been poured into lines through a great linguistic aesthetic and taste, and the literary genre we call “İhvâniyât” has received tremendous favor from students to the ulema class, from state dignitaries to ordinary people. The phenomenon of friendship, which is examined in various aspects in literary books, has the quality to justify mentioning the existence of a friendship ethic peculiar to Muslim scholars. Many subjects such as the meaning of friendship, the choice of friend, the issues that reinforce and degenerate friendships are discussed in classical sources, and the relevant material is presented in an almost artistic style from time to time. Among the most basic sources that feed the heresy are the verses of the Qur'an, hadith texts, linguistic analysis, parables, aphorism culture, historical anecdotes and fables.
Description
Keywords
Klasik Arap edebiyatı, Hikmet, Anekdot, İhvâniyât, Dost, Classical Arabic literature, Wisdom, Anecdote, İhvâniyât, Friend
Citation
Ataman, M. (2023). Klasik Arap edebiyatı ihvâniyât bahisleri çerçevesinde “dostluk” teması. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.