İzositrik ve sitrik asitlerin kimyasal yoldan sentezi
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Date
2002
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Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Daha önce yayınlamış olduğumuz tetrahidroimidazoizoksazolinlerin C-2'sine alkoksikarbonilmetil eklenmesi sitrik ve izositrik asitlerin retrosentez plan ının önemli basamağıdır. Elde edilmesi planlanan bu katılma ürünleri trikarboksilik asidlerin sentezinde kullanılabilecek alkenleri diastereoseçici olarak verebilirdi.Etoksilsarbonilmetil anyonunun C- 2'ye katılması Reformatsky koşullarında denendi. Ancak bu bileşiklerin THF içinde beş kat etilbromasetat ile çinko beraberinde 2 saat ısıtılması katılma ürünü yerine seçici olarak izoksazol-2,3-dikarboksilik asit 3 -metil ester 2-etil ester oluşumuna sebep olmuştur. Yeni bileşiklerin yapılan spektral yöntemlerle aydınlatılmıştır. Bazı bileşiklerin NOESY spektrumları geliştirilmiş olan transesterleştirme yönteminin kemoselekrivitesini ortaya koymak için kullanılmıştır. Bildiğimiz kadarıyla bu örnekler organoçinko bileşikleri ile kemoseçici teansesterleştirmenin ilk örnekleridir. İzoksazol dikarboksilik asitlerin kemoseçici transesterleştirmeleri bizi bu yeni yöntemin sınırlarım araştırmamıza cesaret verdi. Bir seri karboksilik asit ester transesterleştirmeye tabi tutuldu. İncelenen seride karşılık gelen benzoatlar reaksiyona en az yatkın olarak bulundu. Benzoik asit in kendisi Reformatsky reagenti beraberinde 16 saat ısıtılması sonucu düşük verimle transesterleştirme reaksiyonu verir.Metilklorbenzoat ise benzoat'tan oldukça daha iyi transesterleşir. 4-Metoksibenzoat ise aromatik serinin reaksiyona en az yatkın olanıdır. Tartışılan transesterleştirme reaksiyonunda metil 2-furoat benzoat'lardan çok daha yatkındır. Alifatik ve konjuge esterler yüksek verimle transesterleşirler. Tanımlanan transesterleştirme reaksiyonunda konjuge ester karboniline gore B karbona bağlı elektron salıcı grupların reaksiyona yatkınlığı azalttığı bulunmuştur. Dimetilmaleat ve dimetil benziloksi-l,4-butendioat bileşikleri Reformatsky reagenti ile trikarboksilik asitleri vermek üzere katılma reaksiyonuna sokuldular.
An important step in the retrosynthetic plane related to the synthesis of citric and isocitric acids was the addition of alkoxycarbonylmethyl group to C-2 of the tetrahydroimidazoisoxazolines recently reported by us. The retro 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of this adducts would give diastereoselectively the alkene which would serve as a precursor for the synthesis of different tricarboxylic acids. Conjugate addition of ethoxycarbonylmethyl anion to C-2 of the corresponding tetrahydroHnidazoisoxazolines was attempted using the Reformatsky reaction conditions. However the heating of this compounds in THF for 2 hrs in the presence of five fold excess of Zn and ethyl bromoacetate led selectively to the formation of isoxazole-2,3-dicarboxylic acid 3- methyl ester 2-ethyl ester instead of any conjugate addition reaction. The structures of the new compounds were unequivocally proved by spectral means. The NOESY spectra of representative compounds were used to elucidate the chemoselectivity of the transesterification developed. To our knowledge these are the first examples of chemoselective transesterifications using organozinc compounds. The results from the chemoselective transesterification of isoxazole dicarboxylic acids esters prompted us to investigate the generality and chemoselectivity limits of the new method. A series of selected carboxylic acid esters were subjected to transesterification. The corresponding benzoates, were found to be the least reactive group of the investigated series. Benzoic acid methyl ester itself undergoes transesterification with low yield when heated for 16 hrs in the presence of Reformatsky reagent. While methyl chlorobenzoate undergo transesterification quite better than methyl benzoate; methyl 4-methoxybenzoate is least reactive of the aromatic ester group. Methyl 2-furoate is much more reactive than corresponding benzoates in the discussed transesterification. Aliphatic, and conjugated esters, undergo transesterification with high yields. The presence of electron-donating group J3 to the conjugated ester carboxyl was found to decreases its reactivity in the transesterification described. Dimethyl maleate and benzyloxy dimethyl 1,4-butendioate were subjected to conjugate addition with Reformatsky reagent to give the corresponding tricarboxylic acid esters.
An important step in the retrosynthetic plane related to the synthesis of citric and isocitric acids was the addition of alkoxycarbonylmethyl group to C-2 of the tetrahydroimidazoisoxazolines recently reported by us. The retro 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of this adducts would give diastereoselectively the alkene which would serve as a precursor for the synthesis of different tricarboxylic acids. Conjugate addition of ethoxycarbonylmethyl anion to C-2 of the corresponding tetrahydroHnidazoisoxazolines was attempted using the Reformatsky reaction conditions. However the heating of this compounds in THF for 2 hrs in the presence of five fold excess of Zn and ethyl bromoacetate led selectively to the formation of isoxazole-2,3-dicarboxylic acid 3- methyl ester 2-ethyl ester instead of any conjugate addition reaction. The structures of the new compounds were unequivocally proved by spectral means. The NOESY spectra of representative compounds were used to elucidate the chemoselectivity of the transesterification developed. To our knowledge these are the first examples of chemoselective transesterifications using organozinc compounds. The results from the chemoselective transesterification of isoxazole dicarboxylic acids esters prompted us to investigate the generality and chemoselectivity limits of the new method. A series of selected carboxylic acid esters were subjected to transesterification. The corresponding benzoates, were found to be the least reactive group of the investigated series. Benzoic acid methyl ester itself undergoes transesterification with low yield when heated for 16 hrs in the presence of Reformatsky reagent. While methyl chlorobenzoate undergo transesterification quite better than methyl benzoate; methyl 4-methoxybenzoate is least reactive of the aromatic ester group. Methyl 2-furoate is much more reactive than corresponding benzoates in the discussed transesterification. Aliphatic, and conjugated esters, undergo transesterification with high yields. The presence of electron-donating group J3 to the conjugated ester carboxyl was found to decreases its reactivity in the transesterification described. Dimethyl maleate and benzyloxy dimethyl 1,4-butendioate were subjected to conjugate addition with Reformatsky reagent to give the corresponding tricarboxylic acid esters.
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Keywords
Sitrik asit, İzositrik asit, Transesterifikasyon, DMAD, Reformatsky Reaksiyonu, Citric acid, Isocitric acid, Transesterifîcation, Reformatsky reactions
Citation
Er, M. (2002). İzositrik ve sitrik asitlerin kimyasal yoldan sentezi. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.