Göç hareketliliğinin E. Lee Kuramı perspektifinden yorumlanması: Türkiye örneği
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Date
2019-06-17
Authors
Akyıldız, İbrahim Ethem
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Türkiye’deki iç göç hareketliliği 1950’li yıllara kadar nispeten durağan geçmiştir. 1950’lilerden sonra belli politik, sosyolojik bağlamda dönüşümlerden sonra Türkiye’nin yapısı değişmiştir. Bu değişimlerin en önemli unsurlarından biri köylerden kentlere yaşanan iç göçler olmuştur. İnsanlar köylerden kentlere göç ederken büyükşehirleri tercih etmişler ve Bursa her zaman en çok tercih edilen yerlerden biri olmuştur. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de yaşanan iç göç hareketliliğinde en çok tercih edilen şehirlerinden biri olan Bursa üzerinde saha çalışmasına dayanmaktadır. Bursa’ya gerçekleşen göç hareketlilikleri Lee kuramı perspektifinden incelenmiştir. Veriler birebir görüşmelerle elde edilip anket yoluyla yapılmıştır. Bursa’ya en çok göç eden illerden Erzurum, Samsun ve Artvin illeri seçilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, seçilen tüm iller bazında Bursa’da göçe neden olan temel faktörün % 76,8 ile ekonomik olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Gelinen yerlerde göçe neden olan itici faktörün % 52,9 ile işsizlik olduğu ve varılan yere (Bursa’ya) göç etmedeki en etkili çekici faktörün ise % 47,4 ile daha iyi iş imkanları ve yüksek ücret olduğu bulunmuştur. Son olarak da göç edilen yerlerle göçe neden olan temel faktörler arasında, göç edilen yerlerle itici faktörler arasında ve varılan yerle ile çekici faktörler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı birer ilişki bulunmuştur.
Internal migration movement in Turkey was relatively stable times until the 1950s. After the 1950s, Turkey's structure changed after the transformation in the political and sociological context. One of the most important elements of these changes was the internal migration from villages to cities. While people migrated from villages to cities, they preferred metropolitan cities. Bursa has always been one of the most preferred places. This study has been based on fieldwork on Bursa which is one of the most preferred cities in internal migration mobility in Turkey. Migration movements to Bursa have been examined from the perspective of Lee theory. The data has been obtained by one-to-one interviews and conducted by means of survey. Erzurum, Samsun and Artvin cities that most migrated to Bursa has been selected. As a result of the study, it has been determined that the main factor causing migration in Bursa is economic factor with 76.8 % in terms of all selected provinces. It has been found that the push factor causing migration is unemployment with 52.9 %, and the most effective pull factor in migrating to the place (Bursa) is better job opportunities and higher wages with 47.4 %. Finally, it has been found that there are statistically significant relationships between migrated locations and push factors and between the destinations and pull factors. Also it has been found that there is statistically significant relationship between migrated locations and the basic factors causing migration.
Internal migration movement in Turkey was relatively stable times until the 1950s. After the 1950s, Turkey's structure changed after the transformation in the political and sociological context. One of the most important elements of these changes was the internal migration from villages to cities. While people migrated from villages to cities, they preferred metropolitan cities. Bursa has always been one of the most preferred places. This study has been based on fieldwork on Bursa which is one of the most preferred cities in internal migration mobility in Turkey. Migration movements to Bursa have been examined from the perspective of Lee theory. The data has been obtained by one-to-one interviews and conducted by means of survey. Erzurum, Samsun and Artvin cities that most migrated to Bursa has been selected. As a result of the study, it has been determined that the main factor causing migration in Bursa is economic factor with 76.8 % in terms of all selected provinces. It has been found that the push factor causing migration is unemployment with 52.9 %, and the most effective pull factor in migrating to the place (Bursa) is better job opportunities and higher wages with 47.4 %. Finally, it has been found that there are statistically significant relationships between migrated locations and push factors and between the destinations and pull factors. Also it has been found that there is statistically significant relationship between migrated locations and the basic factors causing migration.
Description
Keywords
Göç, Migration, İç göç, Göç teorileri, Göç hareketliliği, E. Lee Kuramı, Göç analizi, Türkiye’de iç göç, Bursa, Internal migration, Migration theories, Migration movement, E. Lee's Theory, Migration analysis, Internal migration in Turkey
Citation
Akyıldız, İ. E. (2019). Göç hareketliliğinin E. Lee Kuramı perspektifinden yorumlanması: Türkiye örneği. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.