Journal of Biological and Environmental Sciences
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Browsing by Author "Abdi, Gholamreza"
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Item Comparative study on the acute toxicity of synthetic pesticides, permethrin 25 and monocrotophos 36, and neem-based pesticide, neem gold ec 0.03, to juvenile cyprinus carpio linn(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2012) Davoodi, Reza; Abdi, GholamrezaFish and other organisms are affected by pesticides which pollute the natural water through agricultural runoff. The aim of this study was to determine the acute toxicity of botanical pesticide, neem gold, and two synthetic pesticides, permethrin and monocrotophos, which are extensively used in agricultural farms. The mortality rate of Cyprinus carpio was monitored under laboratory conditions for the periods of 96 hrs. The toxicity tests were done separately for each pesticide. Data obtained from the toxicity tests were evaluated using the Probit Analysis Statistical Method. The toxicity tests gave 96 hours LC50 values of 75.49, 72.26, 56.89 mg/l for neem gold, monocrotophos and permethrin respectively. The fish exhibited respiratory distress (such as gasping air), loss of balance and erratic swimming prior to mortality. It could be concluded that the application of neem gold bio-pesticides for the control of unwanted organisms in agricultural farms are much safer and more environmental friendly than synthetic pesticides.Item Development of NaCl-tolerant line in tanacetum cinerariaefolium (trevir.) schultzbip through shoot organogenesis of selected callus line(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2011) Abdi, Gholamreza; Hedayat, Mohammad; Khui, Morteza KhushPlants were regenerated successfully through shoot organogenesis of a NaCl-selected callus line of Tanacetum cinerariaefolium (Trevir.) Schultz-Bip developed through stepwise increase in NaCl concentration in MS medium. Increasing NaCl level concentration (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45mM) from low level to high level was found to be a better way to isolate NaCltolerant callus line, since direct transfer of callus to high saline medium was detrimental to callus survival and growth. Among different media and growth regulator treatments, MS media containing 1 mgl-1 BA and 1 mg l-1 NAA or 1 mgl-1 BA, 2 mgl-1 NAA and 0.5 mgl-1 GA3 for shoot organogenesis in selected callus line and B5 medium supplemented with 2 mgl-1 NAA showed best response for root regeneration. As increasing NaCl concentrations (From 0 to 45 mM) the ability of shoot and root regeneration were decreased. The selected callus line showed significance increase in proline content and decrease in pyretrine content. Based on growth performance and proline content (20 mM in callus line and 35 mM in shoot culture) could be considered as NaCltolerant line showing all positive adaptive features towards the salinity stress. Further studies about agronomic performance of obtained plants under saline soil condition are necessary for understanding to check the genetic stability of the induced salttolerance plants.Item Effect of salicylic acid on Na+ accumulation in shoot and roots of tomato in different K+ status(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2011) Abdi, Gholamreza; Mohammadi, Mehdi; Hedayat, MohammadTomato plants grown in nutrient solutions with different K+ levels were used to study the effect of salicylic acid and Potassium status on Na+ uptake and Na+ accumulation in the shoot and root. Changes in the nutrient K+ levels induced evident differences in internal K+ content. When low and normal – K+ plants treated with SA were exposed in saline condition (50 mM Nacl) during experiment, Na+ uptake in low- K+ plants was greater than in normal – K+ plants. At the presence of SA, Na+ uptake in low- K+ plants was lower than low- K+ plants alone. Normal – K+ plants plus SA showed lowest amount of Na uptake and accumulation. In addition, K+ starvation favored the Na+ uptake and the Na+ accumulation both in the root and in the shoot. When the plants were exposed to heat stress by a sharp increase of the temperature to 320 C during the same period of time, the stimulating effect of K+ starvation on the water uptake was even greater. The high temperature increased Na+ uptake in both types of plants, but the Na+ accumulation in the shoot was only favored in low K+ plants.Item Evaluation the potential of Nano silver for removal of bacterial contaminants in valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) tissue culture(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2012) Abdi, GholamrezaAn experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential of nano silver to remove bacterial contaminants of valerian tissue culture. Treatments were using nano silver at two stages (before and after surface sterilization along with control) with three rates (30, 60 and 120 mg l-1) at three times of soaking (30, 60 and 180 min). Nodal explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentration of Kinetin (0, 2, 4 and 5 mg l-1) and 0.1 and 0.2 mg l-1 of NAA. Optimum result for plant regeneration was obtained in media containing 4 mg l-1 Kin and 0.2 mg l-1 NAA. Results showed that using 120 mg l-1 of nano silver solution after surface sterilization resulted in the highest percentage (89%) of disinfected explants. Nano silver solution did not affect the characters measured. On the basis of the data obtained in this experiment, it was concluded that nano silver had a good potential for removing of bacterial contaminants in plant tissue culture procedures. As this is the first report on application of nano silver in in vitro culture techniques, further investigations on other plant species are needed to clarify the effectiveness of nano silver for removal of bacterial contaminants in tissue culture of other crops.Item In vitro micropropagation of aloe vera-impacts of plant growth regulators, media and type of explants(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2013-01-24) Abdi, Gholamreza; Hedayat, Mohammad; Modarresi, MohammadAloe vera is an important medicinal perennial herb belonging to the family liliaceae. A method for mass propagation of Aloe vera by using different explants and different media with different PGR contain has been developed. Two type of explants (with and without sheath Type A and B respectively) were cultured on MS, B5 and SH media supplemented with different combination of different NAA with BA and Kin for Shoot induction. Highest rate of shoot induction observed in MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg l-1 NAA and 4 mg l-1 BA in type A explants. Also, the highest shoot proliferation response obtained successfully by using MS medium containing 4 mg l-1 BA. The optimal rooting response was observed on B5 medium supplemented with 2 mg l-1 NAA, on which 100% of the regenerated shoots developed roots with an average of 7.8 roots per shoot within 3 weeks. The plantlets were acclimatized and transferred to greenhouse with 95% success. This in vitro propagation protocol should be useful for conservation as well as mass propagation of this medicinal plant.